unit 2a response to classical liberalism Flashcards
What are some negative aspects of classical liberalism that the Industrial Revolution reveal?
-inequality
-child labour
-poor working conditions
-worker exploitation
-massive urbanization>poor living conditions
What is a Luddite?
Someone who opposes technological or industrial innovation
Who led the worker protest against allowing machines to replace workers?
Ned Ludd in 1810´s
-violent protests breaking machines etc until the govt shut it down in 1817.
Why did the government stop these worker protests?
Because the govt was filled with rich people who in fact owned the factories getting destroyed
Who are the chartists?
Working class movement in Britain focused on political and social reform.
What was the chartists aim?
Gain political rights/influence for the working class
What are 6 main goals of chartists?
-Universal male suffrage
-equal sized electoral districts
-voting by secret ballot
-end to property qualifications for parliament
-working class can be involved in parl
-annual elections
What are some groups which pushed towards modern liberalism in 19-20th century?
-Women’s suffrage movements
-Employment standards
-Labour unions
-Feminism movements
Whats the difference between a suffragette and a feminist?
Suffragettes seek for the right of women to vote whilst feminists seek for women equality to men
What are labour standards?
Govt enforced rules aimed at providing:
Safe, clean workplaces; workers’ rights; fair treatment.
What are labour unions?
Unite workers to improve wages and conditions, using strikes if needed.
What is feminism?
The belief that men and women are to be treated equally in all aspects of
What are the roots of modern western feminism?
Has some roots in the enlightenment and classical liberalism.
Some enlightenment philosophers didn’t believe in feminism tho
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
An early feminist’s and novelist
-wrote vindication on the rights of women (1792)
-said education would make women better wives and mothers
What does separate spheres mean?
Women considered inferior than men and their role is to child bear, religion and charity.
What is eugenics?
Selectively mating people with specific desirable characteristics.
«Breeding out» disease, disabilities, or so called undesirable characteristics
What did the first wave of feminism focus on?
Gaining rights
-right to vote &
When did the first wave of feminism start?
1800’s and early 1900’s
When did the first wave of feminism end?
When women made some legal gains in North America ( rights regarding children, right to property and inherenting)
What did second wave of feminism focus on?
-Affirmative action
-pay equity
-recognizing SA
domestic violence
-porno and sexism in media
-reproductive choice
Why did women fight for reproductive choice?
Because they wanted to be offered info about birth control and have access to it as it was deemed illegal until 1969
When did women get reproductive rights?
1988, noting that it fundamentally violated women’s right to liberty and personal autonomy
Why did the third wave of feminisms occur?
Occurred in 1990´s as a response to backlash from the gains that second wave feminists made in the 70’s and 80’s
what is affirmative action?
programs that are targetting hiring certain groups
