unit 27 vocab again Flashcards
seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country
imperialism
a reporter sent to Africa to search for the missing missionary from Scotland
henry stanley
Belgian King who controlled parts of Congo region himself as a private individua
king leopold
colony owned by Leopold; natives were enslaved
congo
the idea of evolution and survival of the fittest applied to human society
social darwinism
a successful business man and supporter of British expansion; famous for his scholarship
rhodes
meeting of the strongest European nations to set rules for the division of Africa
berlin conference
an African tribe that nearly defeated the British with spears and shields; eventually defeated
zulus
Zulu chief in Southern Africa who used soldiers and good military organization to create a large centralized state
shaka
also known as Afrikaners, Dutch settlers in south Africa
boers
colonies where local governments and limited self-rule were allowed
indirect control
inspired protests and independence through non-violence
Gandhi
colonies where European bureaucrats were brought in and controlled the countries rather than the natives
direct control
successful violent revolt in Ethiopia to gain independence from the Italians; led by Menelik II
Ethiopian Resistance
death of Africans, loss of African culture, and spread of disease
Negative Effects of Imperialism
reduced local warfare, increased lifespan and literacy
positive effects of imperialism
caused by weak rulers, corruption, late industrialization, and nationalism; broken up and colonized by European powers
Decline of Ottoman Empire
war between Russians and Ottomans; joined by France and Britain, the Ottomans defeated Russia
crimean war
Ottoman sent to govern Egypt; he made it independent and attempted to modernize; improved economy and military; could not pay off the country’s massive debt, so Britain occupied it
muhammad ali
canal that connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean; built by the French
suez canal
empire in India that fell due to a poor government
mughal empire
British company officially controlled by the government, controlled India
British East India Company
Indian soldiers fighting for British East India Company
sepoys
India had very little power and famines occurred; railroad from India to Britain, allowed them to develop a major economy; improvement in sanitation, health, and education
Impact of Colonization in India
rebellion by Indians against Britain; cartridges of their rifles were greased with beef and pork fat; uprising spread throughout northern and central India
sepoy mutiny
British rule of India during the reign of Queen Victoria
raj
desire for modernization and freedom in India
Nationalism in India
Britain takes Burma and Malay Peninsula, Dutch takes East Indies, France takes Indochina; Siam remains independent due to clever leadership
Imperialism in Southeast Asia
USS Maine explodes in an accident, and US blames Spain and goes to war; US gained Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam
Spanish American War
colonized by United States; treated very poorly, tried to rebel but were unsuccessful
Philippines
an interest in or taking of land for its strategic location or products
geopolitics
Leader of Filipino nationalists
Emilio Aguinaldo
a country or a region governed internally by a foreign power
colony
a country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power
protectorate
an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges
sphere of influence
independent but less developed nations controlled by private business interests rather than by other governments
economic imperialism
