Unit 2.1 Metabolic Pathways and Control Flashcards
Metabolic activity which synthesises (builds up) complex molecules, requires energy.
anabolic
Metabolic activity which breaks down complex molecules, releases energy.
catabolic
Small membrane bound region of a cell.
compartment
Sequence of chemical reaction in a cell, controlled by enzymes
metabolic Pathway
All of the metabolic pathways in an organism
metabolism
Membrane of the cell made from phospholipid molecules and proteins
phospholipid membrane
A gap in the membrane caused by a channel forming protein.
pore
A protein found in the phospholipid membrane which carries molecules across via active transport.
Pump
The energy required to start a chemical reaction
Activation Energy
The region of an enzyme which allows the substrate to bind
Active Site
Occurs when a substance that is similar to the substrate binds to the active site and slows down the chemical reaction. Can be reversed by increasing the substrate concentration.
Competitive Inhibitor
Occurs when the end product of an enzyme reaction slows down the rate of reaction.
Feedback Inhibition
A change to the active site caused by the substrate molecule to allow for a better fit.
Induced Fit
Occurs when a substance binds to a part of an enzyme that is not the active site, altering the shape of the active site and therefore slowing the rate of reaction.
Non Competitive Inhibition
The result of an enzyme catalysed reaction
Product
The substance on which the enzyme acts.
Substrate
Formed when several enzymes act in groups
Multiple enzyme complexes
The reaction can take place in more than one direction
Reversible
The attraction of a substrate (high) or product (low) to the active site of an enzyme.
Affinity
anabolic
Metabolic activity which synthesises (builds up) complex molecules, requires energy.
catabolic
Metabolic activity which breaks down complex molecules, releases energy.
compartment
Small membrane bound region of a cell.
metabolic Pathway
Sequence of chemical reaction in a cell, controlled by enzymes
metabolism
All of the metabolic pathways in an organism
phospholipid membrane
Membrane of the cell made from phospholipid molecules and proteins
pore
A gap in the membrane caused by a channel forming protein.
Pump
A protein found in the phospholipid membrane which carries molecules across via active transport.
Activation Energy
The energy required to start a chemical reaction
Active Site
The region of an enzyme which allows the substrate to bind
Competitive Inhibitor
Occurs when a substance that is similar to the substrate binds to the active site and slows down the chemical reaction. Can be reversed by increasing the substrate concentration.
Feedback Inhibition
Occurs when the end product of an enzyme reaction slows down the rate of reaction.
Induced Fit
A change to the active site caused by the substrate molecule to allow for a better fit.
Non Competitive Inhibition
Occurs when a substance binds to a part of an enzyme that is not the active site, altering the shape of the active site and therefore slowing the rate of reaction.
Product
The result of an enzyme catalysed reaction
Substrate
The substance on which the enzyme acts.
Multiple enzyme complexes
Formed when several enzymes act in groups
Reversible
The reaction can take place in more than one direction
Affinity
The attraction of a substrate (high) or product (low) to the active site of an enzyme.
