Unit 1 Evolution Flashcards
Allopatric speciation
Speciation in which gene flow is prevented by a geographical barrier
Behavioural barrier
Barrier to gene flow caused by behavioural differences between individuals
Biological species
Group of similar organisms interbreeding to prduce fertile young
Deleteriois sequence
DNA sequence that lowers survival rate
Directional selection
Natural selection that tends to favour an extreme value of a varied characteristic
Ecological barrier
Barrier to gene flow caused by ecological preference differences between individuals
Evolution
Changes to organisms over time that are mainly caused by natural selection
Genetic drift
Random changes to DNA sequences
Geographical barrier
Physical barrier to gene flow, such as a mountain or river
Horizontal inheritance
Inheritance of genetic material within a generation
Hybrid zone
Region in which frequent interbreeding between two species occurs
Natural selection
Process that ensures survival of the fittest
Sexual selection
Natural selection of characteristics that increase reproductive success
Speciation
Evolutionary process by which new species are formed
Stabilising selection
Natural selection that favours a middle value of a varied characteristic
Sympatric barrier
behavioural or ecological barrier to the flow of genes
Sympatric speciation
Speciation in which gene flow is prevented by ecological or reproductive barriers
Vertical inheritance
Inheritance of genetic material from parents by offspring
Virus
Has genetic material enclosed in a protein coat
Speciation in which gene flow is prevented by a geographical barrier
Allopatric speciation
Barrier to gene flow caused by behavioural differences between individuals
Behavioural barrier
Group of similar organisms interbreeding to prduce fertile young
Biological species
DNA sequence that lowers survival rate
Deleteriois sequence
Natural selection that tends to favour an extreme value of a varied characteristic
Directional selection
