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CfE Higher Biology > Unit 1 Gene expression > Flashcards

Unit 1 Gene expression Flashcards

1
Q

Amino Acid

A

Unit of polypeptide/protein

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2
Q

Anticodon

A

Sequence of three bases on tRNA that codes for an amino acid

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3
Q

Codon

A

Sequence of three bases on mRNA that specifies an amino acid

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4
Q

Exon

A

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein

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5
Q

Gene Expression

A

Transcription and translation

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6
Q

Intron

A

Non-coding sequence of DNA

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7
Q

Mature transcript (Messenger RNA)

A

Carries copy of the DNA code (Exons only) to a ribosome

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8
Q

Molecular interactions

A

Various chemical links joining amino acids and giving protein molecules their shape

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9
Q

Peptide bonds

A

Strong chemical links in the primary structure of polypeptides

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10
Q

Phenotype

A

Outward appearance of an organism

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11
Q

Polypeptide

A

Short strand of amino acids

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12
Q

Post-translational modification

A

Changes made to polypeptide structure following translation

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13
Q

Primary transcript

A

Molecule made when DNA is transcribed (Introns and Exons)

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14
Q

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

A

Type of RNA that makes up ribosomes

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15
Q

Ribosome

A

Size of protein synthesis; composed of rRNA and protein

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16
Q

RNA

A

ribonucleic acid which occurs in three forms in cells

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17
Q

RNA polymerase

A

Enzyme involved in synthesis of primary transcript from DNA

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18
Q

RNA splicing

A

Joining of exons following the removal of introns from a primary transcript

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19
Q

Transcription

A

Copying of a DNA sequence to make a primary transcript

20
Q

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

A

Transfers specific amino acids to the mRNA on the ribosomes

21
Q

Translation

A

Production of a polypeptide using mRNA sequence

22
Q

Uracil

A

RNA base that replaces Thymine

23
Q

Types of Post-translational modification

A

Cleavage and Addition of Chemical groups

24
Q

Unit of polypeptide/protein

A

Amino Acid

25
Q

Sequence of three bases on tRNA that codes for an amino acid

26
Q

Sequence of three bases on mRNA that specifies an amino acid

27
Q

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein

28
Q

Transcription and translation

A

Gene Expression

29
Q

Non-coding sequence of DNA

30
Q

Carries copy of the DNA code (Exons only) to a ribosome

A

Mature transcript (Messenger RNA)

31
Q

Various chemical links joining amino acids and giving protein molecules their shape

A

Molecular interactions

32
Q

Strong chemical links in the primary structure of polypeptides

A

Peptide bonds

33
Q

Outward appearance of an organism

34
Q

Short strand of amino acids

A

Polypeptide

35
Q

Changes made to polypeptide structure following translation

A

Post-translational modification

36
Q

Molecule made when DNA is transcribed (Introns and Exons)

A

Primary transcript

37
Q

Type of RNA that makes up ribosomes

A

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

38
Q

Size of protein synthesis; composed of rRNA and protein

39
Q

ribonucleic acid which occurs in three forms in cells

40
Q

Enzyme involved in synthesis of primary transcript from DNA

A

RNA polymerase

41
Q

Joining of exons following the removal of introns from a primary transcript

A

RNA splicing

42
Q

Copying of a DNA sequence to make a primary transcript

A

Transcription

43
Q

Transfers specific amino acids to the mRNA on the ribosomes

A

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

44
Q

Production of a polypeptide using mRNA sequence

A

Translation

45
Q

RNA base that replaces Thymine

46
Q

Cleavage and Addition of Chemical groups

A

Types of Post-translational modification

CfE Higher Biology (14 decks)

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