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AP United States Government and Politics > Unit 2 Vocab (Bolded Words) > Flashcards

Unit 2 Vocab (Bolded Words) Flashcards

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1
Q

Democracy

A

System of government that gives power to the people, whether directly or through elected representatives

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2
Q

Example of Democracy

A

Presidential elections allow the people to elect who they want to serve as president.

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3
Q

Republic

A

Government rooted in the consent of the governed; a representative or indirect democracy.

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4
Q

Example of Republic

A

The people can elect other people, such as senators, to represent themselves

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5
Q

Political Culture

A

Commonly shareed attitudes, behaviors, and core values about how government should operate.

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6
Q

Example of Political Culture

A

The US Constitution and Bill of Rights in regards to Liberty

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7
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Documented drafted in 1776 that proclaimed the right to separate from Great Britain

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8
Q

Social Contract Theory

A

The belief that governments exist ased on the consent of the governed

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9
Q

Example of Social Contract Theory

A

Individuals agree to be governed by a set of rules and entrust the government with the responsibility to protect their rights.

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10
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

The compact between the 13 original colonies with the national government drawing its powers from the state

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11
Q

Importance of the Articles of Confederation

A

Helped coordinate the Revolutionary War and in handling diplomacy

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12
Q

Constitution

A

A document establishing the structure, functions, and limitations of the government

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13
Q

Importance of Constitution

A

Provides framework for political and legal order.

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14
Q

Great Compromise

A

The final decision of the Constitutional Convention, to create a 2house legislature with the lower house elected by the people and powers divided between the 2 houses.

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15
Q

Three Fifths Compromise

A

An agreement stating that slaves would represent 3/5 of the total population of each state.

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16
Q

Importance of Three Fifths Compromise

A

Used to determine the population for representation in the US House of Representatives

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17
Q

Electoral College

A

System established by the US Constitution through which the presidnet is chosen by electors from each state

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18
Q

Importance of Electoral College

A

Ensured that both state and federal interests are considered in the election process

19
Q

Separation of Powers

A

A way of dividing powers of government among the 3 branches.

20
Q

Importance of Separation of Powers

A

Separation of powers prevents the concentration of power in 1 branch, reducing risk of tyranny

21
Q

Enumerated Powers

A

Specific powers granted to the federal government by the United States Constitution

22
Q

Importance of Enumerated Powers

A

Provide clarity about what the federal government is allowed to do. It sets clear limits on the authority of the government and prevents it from overstepping their boundaries

23
Q

Necessary and Proper Clause

A

Gives Congress the authority to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the US Constitution

24
Q

Importance of Necessary and Proper Clause

A

Provides Congress with flexibility to adapt the powers of the federal government to changing circumstances.

25
Q

Implied Powers

A

Powers that are not explicitly mentioned in the United States Constitution but are considered to be necessary and proper for the execution of the governments enumerated powers.

26
Q

Importance of Implied Powers

A

Ensuring the effectiveness and adaptability of the federal government in addressing the nations evolving needs

27
Q

Inherent Powers

A

Allowing presidents to take broad reaching authority not specified in the Constitution

28
Q

Example of Inherent Powers

A

The ability to exercise inherent powers allows the President to take decisive action and demonstrate leadership in situations that require immediate attention.

29
Q

Thomas Jefferson

A

An American Founding Father, second vice president, co-founder of the democratic-republican party

30
Q

Importance of Thomas Jefferson

A

He was the principal drafter of the Declaration of Independence

31
Q

Checks and Balances

A

A constitutionally mandated structure that gives each of the 3 branches of government some degree of oversight and control over the actions of others

32
Q

Importance of Checks and Balances

A

Each branch is held accountable by another branch, and the system allows for the investigation and correction of abuses and overreach.

33
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

Mandates that national law is supreme over all other laws passed by any other subdivision of government

34
Q

Importance of Supremacy Clause

A

Prevents conflicts between federal and state laws and ensures that the federal legal system operates cohesively

35
Q

Federalists

A

Those who favored a strong national government and supported the proposed US Constitution

36
Q

Example of Federalists

A

Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay (Authors of the Federalists Papers)

37
Q

Anti-Fedarilists

A

Those who favored tronger state government and supported the proposed US Constitution; opposed the ratification of the US Constitution

38
Q

Example of Anti-Federalists

A

..

39
Q

James Madison

A

A key framer often called Father of Constitution for his role in forming the federal government

40
Q

Importance of James Madison

A

Played a key role in drafting the Bill of Rights, as he recognized the importance of protecting individual liberties and rights

41
Q

The Federalists Papers

A

A series of political essays written in support of the ratification of the US Constitution.

42
Q

Importance of Federalist Papers

A

It aimed to persuade the American public to support the Constitution and replace the Articles of Confederation

43
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first 10 amendments to the US Constitution which largely guarantee specific rights and liberties

44
Q

Importance of Bill of Rights

A

It serves as a protective shield against government intrusion onto these essential liberties.

AP United States Government and Politics (9 decks)

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