Fun 50 Part 2

Question 1

FCC

Answer 1

Independent agency that regulates communications by radio, television, and cable.

Question 2

PACs

Answer 2

Organizations that raise and spend money to support or oppose political candidates

Important because they play a significant role in financing political campaigns by providing financial support through contributions

Question 3

Issue Networks

Answer 3

Issue networks are groups of people that work together to solve specific problems or address certain issues. They try to influence government decisions and policies related to those issues

Ex.) environmental advocacy groups might work together to raise awareness about climate change, advocate for policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and might promote transitions towards renewable energy sources

Question 4

Lobbying

Answer 4

Lobbying is the practice of attempting to influence government decisions, policies, or actions on behalf of individuals, organizations, or interest groups.

Important because lobbyists can shape legislation, regulations, and public policies in ways that align with the interest of their clients or constituents

Question 5

Litigation

Answer 5

Process of resolving disputes or legal conflicts through the court system

Through litigation, interest groups can influence legal outcomes and shape public policy in areas of importance to their members or constituents

Question 6

Pork Barrel

Answer 6

When federal funds are attached to a bill for projects that mainly benefit specific areas, usually because politicians want to gain support.

Ex.) Government funded project like a bridge that benefits a small community—even though it might not be the country’s top priority.

Question 7

Constituent Service

Answer 7

Assistance and support provided by elected officials to the people they represent

Constituent service ensures that elected officials are accessible to the people they represent.

Question 8

Congressional Oversight of Bureacuracy

Answer 8

Process where Congress monitors and evaluates the actions of bureaucracy’s

Holds executive branch accountable and ensures that federal agencies operate effectively and in public interest

Question 9

Discretionary and Rule-Making Authority

Answer 9

Discretionary authority: When government agencies are allowed to make judgment and decisions within their legal scopes.
Allows agencies to take action to address issues and fulfill their missions.

Rule making authority: When government agencies have power to create rules and regulations to implement laws passed by Congress.
Ensures effective implementation of legislation and upholds the principles of fairness, transparency, and accountability.

Question 10

Rule of 4

Answer 10

If 4 or more justices agree to grant a certiorari petition, then a case may be accepted for review.

Important because it allows the court to review only cases that raise significant legal issues.

Question 11

Appellate Jurisdiction

Answer 11

Authority of a higher court to review and reconsider decisions made in lower courts

If the convicted person does not like the outcome of their case and believes that the court made errors during their trial, they can appeal it to a higher court level.

Question 12

Precedent

Answer 12

A decision from a prior court case that serves as a guide for similar cases in the future

Ex.) The precedent in Wisconsin v. Yoder was that an individuals right to practice their own religion under the 14th amendment takes priority over state interest in education