Fun 50 (Last minute review)

Question 1

Ideology and Social Policy

Answer 1

A liberal wants government intervention in personal matters, social conservatives thinks government should support traditional moral teachings, libertarian wants limited government in personal matters.
Ex. Social Conservatives wants government to support straight marriage.

Question 2

Ideology’s Impact on Economic Policy

Answer 2

Liberal wants government intervention in economics, conservatives want what is best for economics and libertarian wants limited government for economics
Ex.) Liberals believe every worker should have right to living wage.

Question 3

Limited Government

Answer 3

A government that is legally restricted in its use of power
A limited government prevents risks of arbitrary rule, protects individual liberties, and protects the principles of democracy.

Question 4

Great Compromise

Answer 4

Created a two house legislature with the lower house elected by the people. Powers were divided between the 2 houses.
Made both big and small states happy with the U.S. Constitution

Question 5

Necessary and Proper Clause

Answer 5

Gives Congress the authority to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated powers specified in the Constitution.
Provides Congress with flexibility to adapt the powers of the federal government to changing circumstances.

Question 6

Block vs. Categorical Grants

Answer 6

Block Grants
Block grants consist of large grants given to a state by the federal government. They include general spending guidelines.
Ex.) CDBG program supports community development activities like housing and economic development. The local government can determine how to use the funds based on community needs.

Categorical Grants
Categorical grants are grants that appropriate federal funds to states for a specific purpose with detailed conditions.
Ex.) Giving money to states in the form of education grants

Question 7

Individual Liberty v. Public Order

Answer 7

Individual Liberty
The individual rights and freedoms that one has, protected against the government.
Ex.) Freedom of speech, assembly, and religion.
Public Order
Maintaining peace, stability, and safety within society.
Ex.) Laws and regulations are put into place to prevent crimes and other actions that threaten the wellbeing of the community.

Individual Liberty protects one person, public Order protects society.

Question 8

Prior Restraint

Answer 8

Government actions that prohibits materials from being published
Ex.) FTC and FCC regulates commercial speech and public airwaves.

Question 9

Selective Incorporation + Due Process Clause

Answer 9

Selective Incorporation
Gradual application of the Bill of Rights to the states
Ex. McDonald v. Chicago

Due Process Clause
Guarantees the government cannot take a person’s basic rights to “life, liberty, or property, without due process of law” Found in 5th and 14th amendments
Ex.) States must prove their laws constituted a valid exercise of their power to regulate the overall wellbeing of citizens.

Question 10

Voting Rights Act

Answer 10

Prohibited racial discrimination in voting
Ex.) Prohibited states from using literacy tests and other methods that excluded African Americans from voting.

Question 11

Civil Rights Act

Answer 11

Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion, etc.
Strengthened the enforcement of desegregation in schools.

Question 12

Due Process

Answer 12

Everyone has right to fair treatment under the law. (Following the rules when the government is involved in decisions in peoples lives.)
due process ensures that laws and government actions respect fundamental rights

Question 13

Main Funtion of Political Parties

Answer 13

To win public office seats and to turn their beliefs into legislation
Ex.) Democratic party wants to win presidential elections to make laws about climate change because that is something they stand for.

Question 14

Two Characteristics of a Modern Campaign

Answer 14

Social Media
Candidates can use TikTok to appeal to younger audiences, Facebook to appeal to older audiences.
Increasing Complexity
More strategizing, prevents bias, cheating, and corruption in the system.

Question 15

Delegates vs. Electors

Answer 15

Delegates
A representative that votes the way their constituents want, regardless of personal opinion. For presidential nominee at primaries and causes
Electors
People that cast votes in the Electoral College that ultimately decide who the president will be.

Both are important because they play a role in determining the success of presidential candidates.