Unit 2 Vocab Flashcards
A law that promised settlers religious freedom and barred slavery from the area.
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
An alliance of states or territories.
Confederation
A government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives
Republic
Established a plan for surveying the land
Land Ordinance of 1785
The idea that government should be based on the consent of the people
Republicanism
America’s first form of government which also gave more power to the states.
Articles of Confederation
Branch that interprets laws
Judicial Branch
Divided power between the national government and the states
Federalism
Buffers the popular vote; elects the president
Electoral college
This event caused Americans to reflect about wanting to have a stronger national government
Shays’s Rebellion
Called for three-fifths of a state’s slaves to be counted as population for both representation and taxation.
Three-Fifths Compromise
Prevents one branch from domination the others
Checks and balances
Branch that makes laws
Legislative branch
This compromise offered a two-house Congress that combined the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan
Great Compromise
Branch that enforces/carries out laws
Executive Branch
Required the agreement of at least nine states
Ratification
Supporters of the Constitution
Federalists
Federalists opponents because they opposed having such a strong central government and were against the constitution
Antifederalists
A formal summary of citizens’ rights and freedoms
Bill of Rights
Created under Washington’s presidency as a result of differences in how the Constitution was interpreted
Two-party system
Created the court system
Judiciary Act of 1789
An import tax on goods
Protective tariff
Hamilton’s economic plan would issue paper money and handle tax receipts and other government funds
Bank of the United States
Washington’s Secretary of Treasury
Alexander Hamilton
A tax on a product’s manufacture, sale, or distribution
Excise tax
Advises the president
Cabinet
Preferred state power; strict interpretation of the Constitution; party of the farmer, etc
Democratic-Republicans
What provoked the anti-French sentiment in America as well as showing the government it needed a stronger foreign policy
XYZ Affair
In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, Thomas Jefferson adopted the policy of ______________, which stated that a state can ignore a federal law.
Nullification
In regards to the conflict between the French and the British, America practiced the policy of _________________, which meant that America would not pick side to support.
neurality
An act passed by the Federalist-controlled gov. which targeted the Democratic-Republicans.
Alien and Sedition Acts
WHO negotiated a treaty with Britain, which the British would evacuate their forts on the Northwest Territory.
John Jay
Placing the interests of one region over those of a nation as a whole
sectionalism
Territory bought from France that doubled the size of the U.S.
Louisiana Purchase
Commissioned by President Jefferson to survey the land of the Louisiana Purchase
Lewis and Clark
The ability of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
Judicial Review
Served as an interpreter and guide for Lewis and Clark
Sacajawea
Resulted from President Adams appointing 16 federal judges on his last day in office
Midnight judges
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who strengthened the role of the federal government
John Marshall
Increased the number of federal judges by 16
Judiciary Act of 1801
Established judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
