Unit 2 Vocab

Question 1

A law that promised settlers religious freedom and barred slavery from the area.

Answer 1

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Question 2

An alliance of states or territories.

Answer 2

Confederation

Question 3

A government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives

Answer 3

Republic

Question 4

Established a plan for surveying the land

Answer 4

Land Ordinance of 1785

Question 5

The idea that government should be based on the consent of the people

Answer 5

Republicanism

Question 6

America’s first form of government which also gave more power to the states.

Answer 6

Articles of Confederation

Question 7

Branch that interprets laws

Answer 7

Judicial Branch

Question 8

Divided power between the national government and the states

Answer 8

Federalism

Question 9

Buffers the popular vote; elects the president

Answer 9

Electoral college

Question 10

This event caused Americans to reflect about wanting to have a stronger national government

Answer 10

Shays’s Rebellion

Question 11

Called for three-fifths of a state’s slaves to be counted as population for both representation and taxation.

Answer 11

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 12

Prevents one branch from domination the others

Answer 12

Checks and balances

Question 13

Branch that makes laws

Answer 13

Legislative branch

Question 14

This compromise offered a two-house Congress that combined the New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan

Answer 14

Great Compromise

Question 15

Branch that enforces/carries out laws

Answer 15

Executive Branch

Question 16

Required the agreement of at least nine states

Answer 16

Ratification

Question 17

Supporters of the Constitution

Answer 17

Federalists

Question 18

Federalists opponents because they opposed having such a strong central government and were against the constitution

Answer 18

Antifederalists

Question 19

A formal summary of citizens’ rights and freedoms

Answer 19

Bill of Rights

Question 20

Created under Washington’s presidency as a result of differences in how the Constitution was interpreted

Answer 20

Two-party system

Question 21

Created the court system

Answer 21

Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 22

An import tax on goods

Answer 22

Protective tariff

Question 23

Hamilton’s economic plan would issue paper money and handle tax receipts and other government funds

Answer 23

Bank of the United States

Question 24

Washington’s Secretary of Treasury

Answer 24

Alexander Hamilton

Question 25

A tax on a product's manufacture, sale, or distribution

Answer 25

Excise tax

Question 26

Advises the president

Answer 26

Cabinet

Question 26

Preferred state power; strict interpretation of the Constitution; party of the farmer, etc

Answer 26

Democratic-Republicans

Question 27

What provoked the anti-French sentiment in America as well as showing the government it needed a stronger foreign policy

Answer 27

XYZ Affair

Question 28

In response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, Thomas Jefferson adopted the policy of ______________, which stated that a state can ignore a federal law.

Answer 28

Nullification

Question 29

In regards to the conflict between the French and the British, America practiced the policy of _________________, which meant that America would not pick side to support.

Answer 29

neurality

Question 30

An act passed by the Federalist-controlled gov. which targeted the Democratic-Republicans.

Answer 30

Alien and Sedition Acts

Question 31

WHO negotiated a treaty with Britain, which the British would evacuate their forts on the Northwest Territory.

Answer 31

John Jay

Question 32

Placing the interests of one region over those of a nation as a whole

Answer 32

sectionalism

Question 33

Territory bought from France that doubled the size of the U.S.

Answer 33

Louisiana Purchase

Question 34

Commissioned by President Jefferson to survey the land of the Louisiana Purchase

Answer 34

Lewis and Clark

Question 35

The ability of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

Answer 35

Judicial Review

Question 36

Served as an interpreter and guide for Lewis and Clark

Answer 36

Sacajawea

Question 37

Resulted from President Adams appointing 16 federal judges on his last day in office

Answer 37

Midnight judges

Question 38

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who strengthened the role of the federal government

Answer 38

John Marshall

Question 39

Increased the number of federal judges by 16

Answer 39

Judiciary Act of 1801

Question 40

Established judicial review

Answer 40

Marbury v. Madison