Unit 2: Types of Neurotransmitters and Hormones and Endocrine System

Question 1

Acetylcholine

Answer 1

muscle contractions and movement, memory, and learning; Alzheimer’s disease

Question 2

Dopamine

Answer 2

movement, thought process, rewarding sensation; Parkinson’s, Schizophrenia, drug addiction

Question 3

Serotonin

Answer 3

emotional states, sleep; associated with feelings of happiness, calm, and focus; depression

Question 4

Norepinephrine

Answer 4

physical arousal, learning, and memory; depression, stress

Question 5

GABA

Answer 5

inhibition of brain activity; anxiety disorders

Question 6

Endorphins

Answer 6

pain receptor, positive emotions, “runners high” ; opiate addiction

Question 7

Cortisol

Answer 7

primary stress hormone

Question 8

Epinephrine

Answer 8

hormone associated with fight-or-flight

Question 9

Neurotransmitters vs Hormones

Answer 9

Neurotransmitters quickly make the response, have localized effects, and tend to be short lasting
Hormones take a few minutes to a few days to make the response, have widespread effects, and last longer

Question 10

Pituitary gland

Answer 10

monitors and regulates bodily functions through hormones it produces; growth and sexual/reproductive development and function; contains adrenal gland and thyroid gland

Question 11

Adrenal gland

Answer 11

produces hormoens that regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, and response to stress; creates cortisol, adrenaline, testosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine

Question 12

Thyroid gland

Answer 12

regulates weight, energy levels, internal temperature, and metabolism