Unit 2: Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Thalamus function

A

“inner chamber” ; brains sensory switchboard; all senses except smell pass through thalamus; sends information to proper regions of cerebral cortex for processing; transmits “replies” to cerebellum and medulla

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2
Q

Frontal lobe location

A

front of brain; underneath the forehead; largest lobe

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3
Q

Cerebellum function

A

“little brain” ; helps coordinate voluntary movements, as well as balance and sense of equilibrium

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4
Q

Parietal lobe function

A

touch and sensory information processing; contains sensory cortex

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5
Q

Reticular formation location

A

runs through middle of medulla and pons; in between of ears

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6
Q

Hippocampus function

A

formation of permanent (long-term) memories that are then stored elsewhere in brain; storage of memories for location of objects

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7
Q

Temporal lobe function

A

sound information processing; contains auditory cortex, Wernicke’s area

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8
Q

Thalamus location

A

sits on top of brainstem

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9
Q

Brain stem function

A

oldest/most basic part of brain; contains medulla, pons, and reticular formation; automatic survival functions; sends and receives information

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10
Q

Corpus callosum

A

connects life and right hemispheres with a thick of nerve fibers

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11
Q

Amygdala function

A

responsible for emotional responses to fear and the memory of fear’ also associated with anger and aggression

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12
Q

Occipital lobe location

A

toward of base of brain; at base of cortex

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13
Q

Occipital lobe function

A

visual information processing; contains visual cortex

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14
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A

planning, personality, memory storage, complex decision-making, and areas devoted to language; Phineas George

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15
Q

Cerebrum

A

“human brain” ; features unique to humans and primates; largest and most complex part of human brain; divided into two hemispheres and four lobes and is covered by cerebral cortex

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16
Q

Hypothalamus function

A

“below inner chamber” ; fight or flight; eating and drinking, sexual functions, body temperature; main link between endocrine and nervous system

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17
Q

Parietal lobe location

A

top of head; between the frontal and occipital lobe

18
Q

Amygdala location

A

two almond shaped structures; near hippocampus

19
Q

Pons functions

A

helps coordinate movement especially left-right coordination; influences sleep, dreaming, and arousal

20
Q

Reticular formation functions

A

controls an organisms level of alertness/arousal

21
Q

Visual cortex

A

processes sensory information from eyes; NOT contralateral

22
Q

Cerebellum location

A

located in rear of brain; large and deeply folded in structure

23
Q

Pons location

A

sits on top of medulla; links medulla and cerebellum to upper portions of brain; larger swelling

24
Q

Auditory cortex

A

processes sensory information from ears; dominant neural pathways are contralateral

25
Primary motor cortex
controls movement of bodys voluntary muscles by sending commands to somatic division of PNS; output; cross-wired pattern
26
Forebrain
"animal brain" ; contains ability to handle more complex stimuli that reptiles cannot do
27
Limbic system function
responsible for mood and emotions, as well as experience of pain and fear
28
Medulla oblongata location
on top of spinal cord; very bottom of brain; part of brainstem
29
Frontal lobe function
Advanced cognitive abilities; contains prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, Broca's area
30
Wernicke's area
devoted to language comprehension and expression
31
Brain stem location
lower part of brain that connects to spinal cord
32
Cross-wired pattern
left side of brain controls right side of body and etc
33
Temporal lobe location
just behind the temples; just below the parietal lobe
34
Broca's area
devoted to production of speech; people speak smoothly and fluently; directs muscle movements involved in speech
35
Hypothalamus location
directly underneath the thalamus and directly above the pituitary gland
36
Medulla oblongata functions
life-supporting functions ie. respiration, digestion, heartbeat, blood pressure
37
Hippocampus location
curved structure located within each temporal lobe; wraps around the back of the thalamus
38
Hindbrain
"reptilian brain" ; most basic part of the brain; contains medulla oblongata, pons, reticular formation, cerebellum, brain stem; regulates functions most basic to life
39
Somatosensory strip
registers and processes senses; input; cross-wired pattern
40
Limbic system
a loosely connected network of structures; includes thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala