Unit 2: Sleep

Question 1

Rhythm of sleep

Answer 1

Circadian rhythm; controlled by hypothalamus

Question 2

Stages of sleep

Answer 2

Stage 1 - drifting to sleep, may experience images and/or auditory hallucinations, mic of alpha and theta waves
Stage 2 - more relaxed, clearly asleep, sleep spindles (short bursts of brain activity) occur
Stage 3 - deepest sleep, hard to awaken, only occurs during first few cycles of night, large delta waves
REM sleep - rapid eye movement; paradoxical sleep; brain is almost as active as when awake, but body is paralyzed

Question 3

Sleep deprivation effects

Answer 3

irritability, cognitive impairment, memory lapses or loss, impaired moral judgement, hallucinations, impaired immune system, risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease, tremors and aches

Question 4

Sleep theories

Answer 4

Sleep protects - sleeping in darkness kept humans safe from predators
Sleep recuperates - sleep helps restore and repair brain tissue
Sleep helps with memory - sleep restores and rebuilds fading memories
Sleep and growth - During sleep, pituitary gland releases hormones

Question 5

Night terrors

Answer 5

sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear accompanies by physiological reactions

Question 6

Sleep apnea

Answer 6

failure to breathe when asleep

Question 7

REM behavior disorder

Answer 7

muscles not paralyzed in REM as should be, allowing person to act out their dreams

Question 8

Alpha waves

Answer 8

relatively slow brain waves of relaxed, awake state

Question 9

Delta waves

Answer 9

large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep of NREM-3`