Unit 2 Topic 3- Metabolic Rate Flashcards
what is a metabolic rate?
the quantity of energy used by the body in a given period of time
what is metabolic rate measured in?
kilojoules/ kilocalories
what is used to measure metabolic rate?
respirometer, calorimeter or a carbon dioxide/ oxygen probe
what does a calorimeter do?
measures the heat production of an organism per unit of time
what does a respirometer do?
measures the oxygen consumption by an organism per unit of time
what do carbon dioxide/ oxygen probes do?
measure CO2 production or oxygen consumption
what are the three types of circulatory system?
single, incomplete double and double circulatory systems
what animals don’t need a circulatory system and why?
very small animals such as flatworms, because they can obtain the substances they need through diffusion
why cant larger animals just use diffusion to obtain the substances they need?
because they have a smaller surface area to volume ratio so substances couldn’t diffuse fast enough to support their metabolism
what does the animal transport system consist of?
a fluid medium used to transport substances to and from cells such as blood
a pump to flush the fluid around the body
specilslised exchange surfaces
what kind of circulatory systems do vertebrates have?
closed
what animals have a single circulatory system?
fish
what is different about a single circulatory system ?
the heart only has 2 chambers, a ventricle and an atrium and blood only flows through the heart once in each complete circuit
what animals have an incomplete double circulatory system?
amphibians and reptiles
what is different about an incomplete double circulatory system?
the heart has 3 chambers, 2 atria and one ventricle, the atria recieve blood from 2 different circuits. there is some mixing of blood which makes the system inefficient.
