Unit 2 - Section B - The changing economic world Flashcards
Define GNI (Gross National Income)
The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year, including some from overseas
Define GNI Per head/GNI Per Capita
The GNI divided by the population of a country
Define birth rate
The number of live births per thousand of the population each year
Define death rate
The number of deaths per thousand of the population each year
Define infant mortality rate
The number of babies who die before they are 1 year old per thousand babies born
Define literacy rate
The percentage of adults who can read and write
Define life expectancy
The average age a person can expect to live to
What is the development gap?
The difference in development between more developed and less developed countries
Define a HIC
Higher income country where the GNI per capita is high
What are some examples of HICs?
U.K, USA, France and Canada
Define a LIC
Lower income country where the GNI per capita is low
What are some examples of LICs?
Somalia, Uganda and Afghanistan
Define the term NEE?
Newly emerging economy where some countries are rapidly getting richer as their work shifts from the primary industry to the secondary industry
What are some examples of NEEs?
Mexico
Indonesia
Nigeria
Turkey
Brazil
Russia
India
China
South Africa
Why can measuring development of a country using a single economic factor be misleading?
GNI per capita can be misleading as it is an average meaning the variations in the country don’t show up
Why can measuring development of a country using a single social factor be misleading?
Social factors can be misleading when they are used on their own due to the fact as a country develops some aspects develop before others
Define the term HDI
Human development index
What are the advantages of the Human development index?
It avoids problems of using individual measures as it tells you the country’s economic development as well as the country’s quality of life
How is HDI calculated?
By using income (GNI per capita), life expectancy and education level. Each country gets a value between 0(less developed) and 1(most developed)
What happens at stage 1 in the demographic transition model?
.Least developed
.High birth rate as there is a lack of contraception and infant mortality rates are high
.High death rate due to poor healthcare and famine
What is the birth rate, death rate, population growth and size like at stage 1 on the demographic transition model? And some example countries
-High birth rate
-High death rate
-Zero population growth
-Low and steady population size
-Tribes in Brazil