unit 2: Respiration

Question 1

clavicular breathing

Answer 1

a form of respiration. thorax expansion through elevation of ribcage via contraction of the accessory muscles of inspiration, most notably the sternocleidomastoid and scalenes.

Question 2

checking action

Answer 2

use of inspiratory muscles during expiration to maintain a constant tracheal air pressure.

Question 3

diaphragm

Answer 3

boundary between thorax and abdomen

Question 4

each cartilaginous ring in the trachea is?

Answer 4

2.5 CM diameter, 0.5 cm high

Question 5

respiration rates

Answer 5

adults: breathe between 12 and 18 times per minute while at rest

5 year old: breathes 20 breathes per minute

Newborn: breathe between 40 and 70 cycles per minute

Question 6

vegetative breathing

Answer 6

Automatic,

Question 7

speech breathing

Answer 7

not automatic. Integrates linguistic and prosodic demands with need for air exchange.

Question 8

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Answer 8

The volume of air that can be inhaled after tidal inspiration

Question 9

Tidal Volume (TV)

Answer 9

The volume of air exchanged in one cycle of respiration

Question 10

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Answer 10

The volume of air that can be expired following passive, tidal expiration; also known as RLV (resting lung volume)

Question 11

Residual Volume (RV)

Answer 11

The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum exhalation

Question 12

Vital Capacity (VC)

Answer 12

The volume of air that can be inhaled following a maximal exhalation

(VC=IRV+TV+ERV)

Question 13

Functional Residual capacity (FRC)

Answer 13

The volume of air in the body at the end of passive exhalation

(FRC=ERV+RV)

Question 14

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

Answer 14

The sum of all volumes

(TLC=IC+FRC)

Question 15

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

Answer 15

The maximum inspiratory volume possible after tidal expiration

(IC=TV+IRV)

Question 16

Relaxation Pressure

Answer 16

The amt of pressure it will take the of system to go back to its starting position. (depends on the % of vital capacity in the lungs - if you breathe in as much as you can the relaxation pressure will be really high).

measured in cmH20

Adults vegetative breathing - 38% vital capacity–>that will mean for adults a 0 relaxation pressure

Question 17

pleural linkage

Answer 17

as the thorax increases in size, the lungs must follow.

Question 18

Passive forces leading to relaxation pressure

Answer 18

torque of ribs, elasticity of lungs, gravity, relaxation of inspiratory muscles

Question 19

Resting Expiratory Level

Answer 19

Equilibrium point. Point in which opposing forces balance.

Adults 38% vital capacity