Unit 2 Quizes Flashcards
A chemical messenger
hormone
Muscle fibers produce IGF-I with neighboring fibers. Does not have to enter circulation
Paracrine
Most hormones are vinnactive when attachced to _____ protiens which help prtect their homones
Binding
T or F
Musce remodiling had damage to fibers, inflammatory response, hormonal interactions, and the synthesis and incorporations of new Protiens
True
During the goodmorning, which is the primary occurs during the concenteric (up) portion?
Hip extension
Chronically elevated hormone conetraition due to oevrwhelming or exoergonous drug use can cause –––– of hormone receptors
Down regulation
Which hormone binds to membrane bound recpetors and work through secondary messenger systems since it cannot passivley dissuse across the cell membrane?
Polypetide hormone
in the human body, all steriod hormones are syntheized from _ and therfore have a simliar structure.
cholsterol
A hormone is shaped in a way where a specific receptor that accomodates that shape. This pheonomon is called
lock and key therory
A —- hormone, which indludes hormes form the adrenal cortex and gonads, is a fat soluble and creates a hormone recepotor that binds with the gentic material in the nucleus of its target cell.
Steriods
Name ONE endocrine gland in the male body that secretes testosterone:
Testes/overies and adrenal glands
Which of the following exercise protocols would promote the greatest increase in serum testosterone concentrations?
1) 3 sets of back squats with 5-10 maximal repetitions
2) 1 set of back squats with 2-3 maximal repetitions
3) set of knee extensions with 2-3 maximal repetitions
4) 3 sets of knee extensions with 5-10 maximal repetitions
4) .
5-10 mins increases test.
higher intesnisty higher consentration
T or F
According to the free testosterone hypothesis, approximately 98% of circulating testosterone is in its free form (i.e., not attached to SHBG).
F
- you don’t want 98% of free test. (only want 2%)
Which of the following is not correct regarding the lat pulldown?
1) the exercise should be initiated by extending the lower back (lumbar extension)
2) the concentric (“down”) portion of the exercise includes shoulder adduction and scapular downward rotation
3) a common biomechanical error is pulling the bar behind the neck
4) in addition to targeting the latissimus dorsi, the exercise also works the trapezius and elbow flexors
Don’t want to use your back
Is a lat pull down open or closed chained?
open-chain becuase hands (distal end) are freely moving and not fixed
Hormone secreted by the adrenal Medulla
Ephinephrine; Norpine
Peptide hormone relaseds un bursts from the antieor putirtay gland
Growth hormone
What musculazing steriod hormone
testosterone (andergionzinf)
Calhorine hormone also known as (Adrenaline)
epinephrine
Primary hormone for cahbrohdrate metabolism breaks down protien
cortisol
Acourine hormone produced by muscle fibers
Mechano Growth Factor
hormone secreted from adrenal cortex
cortisol
Hormone secreted form the adreanal gland due to the f=direct nervous system intervension
epinephrine
an anoblic hormone sunthezied from cholestorol
testosterone
A glucocortiold horme
cortisol
___ Training is high intesnisty, internittetnt bout of exercise. Includes resistance, polymetric, and intervaks trainig
Anerobic Training
What are 4 results of resistance trainig?
- Muscular strength increases
- Musclular fiber sixes increase
- Liganebt and tendon strength increases
- All energy stores increase
Which type of adapation typically predominate in the first couple weeks of working out?
Nerual or Muscular
Neural
What are the agonists of the bent over row?
Biceps Brachii;
Lats;
Posterior Delts;
Rhomboids;
How do you initatiate the bent-over row?
lift should be initiated with scapulat retraction.
During typical resistance training for an untrained individual the Type muscle fibers (low threshold) are rercuted —- the Type II muscle fibers (high threshold units)
Before
What three adapations lead to an icreased neural drive (allowing for greater muscle force producution)
- Enchanced agonist motor unit recruitment
- Synchronised pattern of motor neron firing
- Faster firing rate motor neurons
In response to training, the body may inhinbit lower-threshold motor unit and, in their place activate teh higher-threshold motor units are critical to optimal speed and power performance. This phenomonon is known as
selective recruitment
What are the agonists for the seated cable rowm except
1. Erector spinae
2. Brachialis
3. Traps
4. Rhomboids
5. Posterior Delts
Erector spinae
Which is INCORRECT regarding the technique for. the seated cable row?
1. Scapulae should be fuly retracted
2. Lift should be initiated with scapulat retraction
3. HIp extension should be utilized to begin each lift
4. Handle can be hled with a closed, neutral grip
- HIp extension should be utilized to begin each lift
The motion occurring at the shoulder joint during the up (concentric) portion of the bench press exercise is horizontal adduction.
True
When performing a dumbbell bench press, the weight should be lowered to the lateral chest, while keeping the wrists and elbows aligned.
true
This variation of the bench press places more emphasis on the sternal (lower) fibers of pectoralis major:
False
Resistance training increases the co-contraction of antagonistic muscles in order to better stabilize the joint.
False
Muscle hypertrophy refers to gross muscular enlargement primarily from an increase in the cross-sectional area of existing muscle fibers.
True
The increase in muscle fiber cross-section area (in response to resistance training) occurs as more contractile proteins are added to the middle/interior of the myofibrils.
False
(Builds on the outside)
Hyperplasia is a major contributor to human muscular hypertrophy.
Flase
where muscle fibers split
(not in humans)
Both Type I and Type II fibers will hypertrophy in response to adequate resistance training.
True
If resistance training is intense enough, research has clearly demonstrated that Type I fibers will become Type II fibers.
False
Other muscular adaptations to resistance training include reductions in mitochondrial and capillary densities and increases in muscle fiber buffering capacity and phosphagen stores.
True
A 50-year-old female triathlete is concerned about osteoporosis, especially in the spine and hips. Which of the following exercises would be the most beneficial for improving her bone mineral density?
- barbell back squats
- leg (knee) extensions
- seated calf raises
- leg presses
barbell back squats
True or False: Similar to muscular hypertrophy, increases in bone mineral density can be seen within 4-8 weeks after starting a resistance training program.
False
True or False: During resistance exercise, the pressure created within the joints is thought to inhibit blood flow to the articular cartilage, thereby leading to joint degeneration and osteoarthritis.
False!
Working out does not degernate your joints; cartilage doesn’t have blood flow
True or False: Sites where connective tissues can increase strength and load-bearing capacity include the junctions between ligaments and bone surfaces and within the body of tendons.
True
Tendons thicken
