Unit 2 : Proteins

Question 1

Proteins and Animals

Answer 1

Proteins are the major strucutral materials found in animal tissues
Protien are also involved in the maintainance and regulation of life process.

Question 2

What are enzymes?

Answer 2

Enzymes are protiens which act as biological catalysts.

Question 3

What are amino acids?

Answer 3

Amino acids are small molecules which are the building blocks which join together to form protiens.
Amino acids contain he following:
a carbxyl group (-COOH)
an amino group (-NH2)

Question 4

How are protiens made?

Answer 4

Proteins are made by the amino acids joining together by a condensation reaction.
Amino group of one amino acid and the carboxy group of another amino acid join together with the elimination of water as they join together.
The peptide link is formed by the condensation reaction of an amine group with a carboxyl group between 2 different amino acids.

Question 5

Essential amino acids

Answer 5

Essential amino acids are the amino acids humans must acquire through their diet.

Question 6

What happens to protiens and long chain spirals when heated?

Answer 6

Within protiens, long-chain protien molecules form spirals, sheets and other complex shapes.
Chains are held in these forms by inermolecular bonding between the side chains of the constituent amino acids.

When these protiens are heated, the intermolecular bonds are broken which allows protiens to change shape

When the protien changes its shape it DENATURES and can cause protiens in food to change texture as they are cooked.