Unit 2 Neisseria, Moraxilla, and Haemophilus Flashcards

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1
Q

Gram stain: Neisseria

A

Gram negative Diplococci

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2
Q

Gram stain: Haemophilus

A

Gram negative Pleomorphic coccobacilli or rods

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3
Q

Gram stain: Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Gram negative Diplococci

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4
Q

Discuss the correct method of collection and transport necessary to recover Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

A

Collection: Non-nutritive swab- Dacron or Rayon; cotton and calcium alginate swabs are prohibited

Transport: “Bedside” inoculation to transport systems

Culture: Selective media that inhibits normal flora (jembec) and CO2 atmosphere

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5
Q

Choose the appropriate primary isolation media to recover Neisseria and Haemophilus species based on knowledge of content and purpose of the media.

A

Neisseria: Jembec and CO2 atmosphere; **Modified Thayer Martin, chocolate agar with IsoVitaleX suuplement

Haemophilus: Chocolate agar with 33-37°C, 5-10% CO2

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6
Q

Colony morphology: Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

small, round translucent ON CHOC: tan ON BLOOD: doesn’t grow well

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7
Q

Colony morphology: Neisseria meningitidis

A

gray, convex, possibly mucoid ON CHOC: possibly greenish hue

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8
Q

Colony morphology: Neisseria lactamica

A

yellow/gold colonies

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9
Q

Colony morphology: Moraxella catarrhalis

A

smooth, opaque, gray/white colonies; “hockey puck”

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10
Q

Colony morphology: Haemophilus influenzae

A

Translucent, tan, sometimes mucoid with distinct mousy odor

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11
Q

Colony morphology: Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptus

A

Same as H. influenzae but smaller colonies

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12
Q

Colony morphology: Haemophilus ducreyi

A

small, flat, smooth, translucent/opaque, “scooty”

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13
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Nitrate reduction

A

1) Determine if the organism can reduce nitrate

2) Nitrate is used at the final electron acceptor for anaerobic metabolism by a lot of GNs

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14
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Carbohydrate utilization test

A

1) Determine which carbohydrates can be utilized for growth

2) Growth/use of carbohydrate results in color change due to pH change

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15
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Porphyrin test (ALA)

A

1) For respiratory sources, tests presence of enzymes that make porphyrin
2) ALAporphyrinX factor
Synthesize own hemin=X factor independent=pink fluorescence under UV

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16
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Catarrhalis disk

A

1) Detection of butyrate esterate

2) Hydrolysis of substrate releases indoxyl blue/green color

17
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: DNase test

A

1) Determine if the organism has the enzyme DNase/can hydrolyze DNA
2) DNase in the organism will break down  colorless zone

18
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Beta lactamase

A

1) Determine if the organism produces beta-lactamases

2) Beta lactames open beta lactam ringscolor change (pink)

19
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Haemophilus ID quad

A

1) Speciation

2) Growth factors V + X, horse or rabbit blood to assess hemolysis

20
Q

Explain the principle and purpose: Staph streak

A

1) Determine V factor requirement

2) Haemophilus species that require V factor satellite around Staph on blood agar bc its produces V factor

21
Q

Differentiate the saprophytic Neisseria from potentially pathogenic Neisseria species utilizing colony morphology characteristics.

A

Nonpathogenic typically yellow/gold colonies; except Neisseria lactamica, nonpathogenic cannot grown on MTM

22
Q

Haemophilus influenzae: growth factor requirements, ALA and hemolysis

A

1) X and V
2) Negative
3) None

23
Q

Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius: growth factor requirements, ALA and hemolysis

A

1) X and V
2) Negative
3) Positive on RB

24
Q

Haemophilus parainfluenzae: growth factor requirements, ALA and hemolysis

A

1) V only
2) Positive
3) Variable on RB

25
Q

Haemophilus haemolyticus: growth factor requirements, ALA and hemolysis

A

1) X and V
2) Negative
3) Positive on both HB and RB

26
Q

Haemophilus parahaemolyticus: growth factor requirements, ALA and hemolysis

A

1) V only
2) Positive
3) Positive on both HB and RB

27
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi: growth factor requirements, ALA and hemolysis

A

1) X only
2) Negative
3) None

28
Q

Nitrate reduction for Neisseria spp?

A

Negative

29
Q

Growth on media: Neisseria gonorrheae

A

Chocolate
MTM

Not well on BAP

30
Q

Growth on media: Neisseria meningitidus

A

Chocolate
MTM
BAP

31
Q

Growth on media: Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Choc
MTM
BAP

32
Q

Tests/results that aid in ID of Moraxella catarrhalis

A

DNase pos
Catarrhalis disk pos
Nitrate reduction pos
**Cannot utilize any carbohydrates

33
Q

Which species are usually Beta lactamase positive?

A

Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae

34
Q

Growth on media: Neisseria lactamica

A

Chocolate
MTM
Blood

35
Q

What is special about Haemophilus ducreyi’s gram stain?

A

School of fish