Unit 2: Lecture 17 (Bony Pelvis & Hip)

Question 1

Pelvic Girdle composition

Answer 1

• 2 coxal bones (form pelvic walls)

- sacrum & coccyx (form posterior wall)

Question 2

What bones fuse together to make hip bone?

Answer 2

• ilium
• ischium
• pubis

Question 3

Where does the fusion of the hipbone take place?

Answer 3

acetabulum (hip joint socket)

Question 4

True pelvis

Answer 4

Anything BELOW the line arcuate line of the ilium/pectineal line of the pubis

Question 5

False pelvis

Answer 5

Anything ABOVE the line arcuate line of the ilium/pectineal line of the pubis

Question 6

What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?

Answer 6

Femur, jackass.

Question 7

Small depression in head of femur?

Answer 7

Fovea capitis

Question 8

What is the angle between the head/neck/shaft of femur called?

Answer 8

Angle of inclination (125°)

Question 9

Joints of pelvic girdle (4)

Answer 9

• lumbrosacral joint
• sacrococcygeal joint
• interpubic joint
• sacroiliac (SI) joint

Question 10

Lumbrosacral joint

Answer 10

attaches pelvic girdle to the axial skeleton

Question 11

What two ligaments support the sacrococcygeal joint?

Answer 11

• lateral sacrococcygeal ligament

- posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 12

What ligaments support the sacroiliac (SI) joint? (4 + 2 accessory ligaments)

Answer 12

• posterior ligament
• interosseous sacroiliac ligament
• anterior sacroiliac ligament
• iliolumbar ligament
  + sacrotuberous ligament
  + sacrospinous ligament

Question 13

Which two ligaments convert the greater sciatic and lesser sciatic notches into the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?

Answer 13

• Sacrotuberous ligament

- Sacrospinous ligament

Question 14

Which muscle exits out of the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 14

Piriformis muscle

Question 15

Which structures exit the greater sciatic foramen ABOVE the piriformis?

Answer 15

Superior gluteal nerves and vessels

Question 16

Which structures exit the greater sciatic foramen BELOW the piriformis? (7)

Answer 16

• inferior gluteal nerves and vessels
• internal pudendal vessels
• pudendal nerve
• sciatic nerve
• posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
• nerve to obturator internus
• nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 17

Boundaries of lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 17

Anterior: body of ischial tuberosity
Superior: ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament
Posterior: sacrotuberous ligament

Question 18

Which tendon EXITS the pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 18

Obturator internus tendon

Question 19

Which structures ENTER the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 19

• Pudendal nerve
• Internal pudendal vessels
• Nerve to obturator internus

Question 20

The hip joint is designed for…

Answer 20

support

Question 21

The head of the femur is covered by ___________

Answer 21

thick hyaline cartilage

Question 22

A fibrocartilaginous rim called the ____________ is attached to the margins of the acetabulum

Answer 22

acetabular labrum

Question 23

The acetabular labrum is continuous with the ___________

Answer 23

transverse ligament of the acetabulum

Question 24

In the acetabulum, the ____________ provides a passage for the vessels and the nerves to the hip joint

Answer 24

acetabular notch

Question 25

Ligaments associated with hip joint: (6)

Answer 25

- articular capsule (thick and strong) - iliofemoral ligament/Y-shaped ligament of Bigelow (prevents overextension of joint) - pubofemoral ligament (prevents ABduction) - ischiofemoral ligament (limits medial rotation) - ligamentum capitis femoris (provides blood vessels to head of femur) - transverse ligament of acetabulum (closes acetabulum)

Question 26

Gluteus maximus

Answer 26

A: extends and laterally rotates thigh; helps extend knee N: Inferior gluteal nerve

Question 27

Gluteus medius

Answer 27

A: Abducts thigh at hip; tilts pelvis when walking to permit opposite leg to clear ground N: Superior gluteal nerve

Question 28

Gluteus minimus

Answer 28

A: Abducts thigh at hip; tilts pelvis when walking to permit opposite leg to clear ground N: Superior gluteal nerve

Question 29

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Answer 29

A: Helps flex, abduct (medially rotates thigh); assists gluteus maximus in extending the knee joint. N: Superior gluteal nerve

Question 30

Piriformis

Answer 30

A: Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint N: Nerve to piriformis

Question 31

Obturator internus

Answer 31

A: Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint N: Nerve to obturator internus

Question 32

Gemellus Superior

Answer 32

A: Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint N: Nerve to obturator internus

Question 33

Gemellus Inferior

Answer 33

A: Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint N: Nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 34

Quadratus femoris

Answer 34

A: Lateral rotator of thigh at hip joint N: Nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 35

Obturator externus

Answer 35

A: Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint N: Obturator nerve (post. division)

Question 36

Active external rotation of hip muscles: (6)

Answer 36

- piriformis - obturator internus - superior gemellus - inferior gemellus - quadratus femoris - obturator externus

Question 37

Active hip ABduction of hip muscles: (5)

Answer 37

- piriformis - obturator internus - superior gemellus - inferior gemellus - obturator externus

Question 38

Active ADduction of hip muscle:

Answer 38

- quadratus femoris

Question 39

Common iliac artery divisions:

Answer 39

- external iliac artery | - internal iliac artery

Question 40

Internal iliac artery divisions:

Answer 40

- anterior trunk | - posterior trunk

Question 41

External iliac artery turns into...

Answer 41

femoral artery

Question 42

Posterior trunk becomes...

Answer 42

superior gluteal artery

Question 43

Anterior trunk becomes...

Answer 43

inferior gluteal artery