Unit 1: Lecture 5

Question 1

Types of joints (3)

Answer 1

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Question 2

Joint cavity

Answer 2

• contains synovial fluid produced by the synovial membrane

- ends of bones articulate

Question 3

Joint (articular) capsule

Answer 3

Thick, tough, pliable membrane

Question 4

Suture

Answer 4

• bones of the skull (called fontanelles at birth)
• separated by fibrous tissue
• complete fusion (synostosis) begins in early 20’s and continues until old age

Question 5

Syndesmosis

Answer 5

• opposed bones joined by intervening fibrous tissue

- e.g. parallel attachment of the radius and ulna

Question 6

Synchondrosis

Answer 6

• temporary and eventually converted to bone

- eg. epiphyseal plates

Question 7

Symphysis

Answer 7

• result from elastic and fibrous tissue forming a compressible disk
• eg. intervertebral disks

Question 8

Plane joint

Answer 8

• gliding movement is produced

- eg. intercarpal, carpometacarpal joints

Question 9

Hinge joint

Answer 9

• uniaxial (allow movement in one plane)

- eg. humeroulnar (elbow) joint

Question 10

Pivot joint

Answer 10

• allows rotation around a longitudinal axis

- eg. atlantoaxial joint (between C1 and C2)

Question 11

Condyloid joint

Answer 11

• multiaxial, allow components to move in 2 directions at right angles to each other
• eg. metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 12

Saddle joint

Answer 12

• curvatures of articulating surfaces are at right angles to each other
• eg. 1st carpometacarpal joint of thumb
• allows thumb to be extended (moved laterally from the palm), flexed (moved toward the palm), and adducted/abducted (moved at right angles to the palm)

Question 13

Ball and socket joint

Answer 13

• greatest freedom of movement (flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/ external rotation, circumduction))
• eg. glenohumeral joint and hip joint

Question 14

Synovial fluid

Answer 14

• which lubricates the joint

- has the consistency of egg white