Unit 2 - Key Area 2 - Control and Communication Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nervous system made up of?

A

Brain
Spinal Cord
Other Nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does CNS stand for?

A

Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the CNS made up of?

A

Brain

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the cerebrum

A

Responsible for conscious, thoughts, reasoning, memory, and emotions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the cerebellum

A

Controls balance and coordinated movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the medulla

A

Controls heart rate and breathing rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 3 types of neurons?

A

Sensory Neuron
Inter Neuron
Motor Neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does a receptor do?

A

Receptors detect sensory input/stimuli (e.g. pain receptors detect heat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do sensory neurons do?

A

Sensory neurons pass the information to the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do inter neurons do?

A

Inter neurons operate within the CNS, which process the information from the senses that require a response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do motor neurons do?

A

Motor neurons enable a response to occur at an effector (muscle or gland).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the order of neurons in a reflex arc?

A

Sensory -> Inter -> Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do messages travel along neurons?

A

Messages travel along neurons as electrical impulses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the 2 responses to a stimulus

A

Responses to a stimulus can be a rapid action from a muscle or a slower response from a gland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are synapses?

A

Tiny gaps between neurons are called synapses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do synapses work?

A

The messages carried by neurons are transferred by chemicals at synapsis.

17
Q

What is a reflex action?

A

A reflex action is a rapid automatic response to a stimulus (anything an organism can detect)

18
Q

Describe 2 features of reflex actions

A

Reflex actions are involuntary and do not necessarily involve the brain

19
Q

How do reflex actions protect the body from harm?

A

Reflect actions protect the body form further damage by allowing it to react quickly to stimuli, such as high temperatures that may be harmful.

20
Q

What is the endocrine system made up of?

A

The endocrine system is made up of endocrine glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream

21
Q

What are hormones?

A

Hormones are chemical messengers produced at one site and have their effect on another site.
Hormones are proteins that act as chemical messengers.

22
Q

How do hormones work?

A

Hormones travel in the blood to target their tissues.
Target tissue cells have complementary receptor proteins for specific hormones, so only that tissue will be affected by these hormones.

23
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Homeostasis is the control of internal body conditions.

24
Q

How is the concentration of blood glucose kept constant?

A

The concentration of glucose in the blood must be kept at a set point. The concentration of glucose in the blood is regulated by the action of the hormones insulin and glucagon.

25
Where is the target tissue for these hormones?
Found in the liver
26
Which organ detects changes in blood glucose concentration?
The pancreas
27
What is glycogen?
Storage form of glucose
28
Describe what happens as a result of an increase in blood glucose
Pancreas releases the hormone insulin Insulin travels in the blood to the liver Liver then converts the glucose to glycogen (a soluble storage carbohydrate) Blood glucose concentration decreases.
29
Describe what happens as a result of an decrease in blood glucose
Pancreas releases the hormone glucagon Glucagon travels in the blood to the liver Liver converts glycogen to glucose Blood glucose concentration increases