Unit 2 KA1 - gamete production + fertilisation

Question 1

what are ova?

Answer 1

the female gametes that are produced from germline cells in the ovaries.

Question 2

the ovaries contain …………… ova at various stages of ……………..

Answer 2

immature, development.

Question 3

how is oestrogen produced?

Answer 3

each ovum is surrounded by a follicle, which secretes the hormone oestrogen and protects the developing ovum.

Question 4

after ………. the ………… develops into a ………. luteum.

Answer 4

ovulation, follicle, corpus.

Question 5

what is ovulation?

Answer 5

release of the ovum.

Question 6

what is a corpus luteum?

Answer 6

a hormone-secreting body.

Question 7

how is progesterone produced?

Answer 7

the corpus luteum secretes the hormone progesterone.

Question 8

what does the secretion of the hormone progesterone cause?

Answer 8

changes in the uterus to make it more suitable for implantation of the fertilised ovum.

Question 9

name the parts of the female reproduction system.

Answer 9

vagina, uterus, endometrium, muscular coat, ovary, oviduct, and cervix.

Question 10

describe the stages of the development of a mature ovum.

Answer 10

• each ovum is surrounded by a follicle which secretes the hormone oestrogen and protects the developing ovum
• the immature follicle develops into a mature ovum, which is released into the oviduct at ovulation
• after ovulation the follicle develops into a corpus luteum (hormone-secreting body)
• the corpus luteum secretes the hormone progesterone which causes changes in the uterus to make it suitable for implantation

Question 11

how are sperm formed?

Answer 11

from germline cells in tiny tubes called seminiferous tubules found in the testes.

Question 12

how do sperm leave the testes?

Answer 12

through the sperm duct.

Question 13

sperm are …….. and require a ……. to swim in and a source of ………..

Answer 13

motile, fluid, energy.

Question 14

the ……….. …….. and seminal ………. secrete …….. that maintain the ……… and ………. of the sperm.

Answer 14

prostate gland, seminal, fluid, mobility, viability.

Question 15

where is testosterone produced?

Answer 15

in the testes by interstitial cells found in the tissue between the seminiferous tubules

Question 16

name parts of the male reproduction system.

Answer 16

the urethra, sperm duct, prostate gland, testis, scrotum, seminal vesicle, and bladder.

Question 17

name the parts of the testis.

Answer 17

seminiferous tubule and sperm duct.

Question 18

name the parts of the seminiferous tubule.

Answer 18

germline cell, spermatozoa, interstitial cell, blood capillary.

Question 19

what is fertilisation?

Answer 19

when the nucleus of a sperm fuses with the nucleus of an ovum.

Question 20

describe fertilisation.

Answer 20

during sexual intercourse, the sperm are released into the vagina and move through the cervix, the uterus and into the oviduct where they may meet an ovum.
the mature ova are released into the oviduct.

Question 21

where does fertilisation take place?

Answer 21

the oviduct.

Question 22

what is a zygote?

Answer 22

a fertilised ovum.

Question 23

describe the function of the testis.

Answer 23

the production of sperm in the seminiferous tubules and the production of testosterone in the interstitial cells which are found between the seminiferous tubules.