Unit 2-Gamete Production And Fertilisation Flashcards
What is the function of the penis?
To insert the sperm into the vagina.
What is the function of the urethra?
Release sperm (and urine).
What is the function of the scrotum?
Holds the testes.
What is the function of the testes?
Produces sperm and testosterone.
What is the function of the prostate gland and the seminal vesicle?
Secrete fluids to maintain mobility and viability of sperm.
What is the function of the sperm duct?
Transports sperm from the testes to the urethra.
What are sperm?
The male gamete.
What is meant by Germline and Somatic cells?
Germline
cells in the body (at any stage) which could pass their genes on to the next generation
Somatic
cells of the body other than the germline cells
What cells are sperm produced from?
Germline cells
Where are sperm cells produced?
In the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
What is the term used that means sperm can swim?
Motile
What produces the liquid that sperm swims in?
The prostate gland and the seminal vesicle.
What is the liquid sperm swims in called?
Seminal fluid.
What does the seminal fluid provide the sperm with?
Fructose for energy and enzymes to keep the liquid at the correct viscosity.
What would happen if the seminal liquid was not the right viscosity?
The sperm would not be able to swim properly.
Which hormone do the testes produce?
The male hormone called testosterone.
What type of cell division produces gametes?
Meiosis
What cells are testosterone produced in?
Interstitial cells.
What is the function of the vagina?
Where sperm is deposited.
What is the cervix?
Lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top of the vagina.
What is the function of the uterus?
Where the baby develops during pregnancy.
What is the function of the endometrium?
Wall of the uterus where the embryo implants.
What is the function of the oviduct?
Site of fertilisation.
What is the function of the ovary?
Produces and stores ova/eggs.
What type of cells are ova formed from?
Germline cells.
What is each ovum surrounded by?
Each ovum is surrounded by a follicle.
What does the follicle surrounding an ovum do?
Secretes hormones and protects the developing ova.
What happens at ovulation?
Ova are released into the oviduct.
What is a fertilised egg/ova known as?
A zygote.
What is fertilisation?
Fertilisation is the fusion of the nucleus from the sperm cell with the nucleus from the ova.
What does the zygote do after fertilisation?
The zygote begins to multiply into a ball of cells which implants into the endometrium for development.
What happens to the ova if fertilisation does not occur?
The unfertilised ova passes out the body.
