UNIT 2 factors of helping behaviour bullying behaviour Flashcards
what is pro social behaviour
help that is beneficial to other people and society with little regard to ones own self interest and safety
- positively valued by society
- intentional (for the right reasons)
- selfless
factors that affect pro social behaviour
situation (emergency/non emergency)
social norms
altruism
personal characteristics of the helper
situation factors - pro social behaviour
emergency/non emergency 1. noticing the event 2. inerpereting the situation could be ambigous so they need to interperet it 3. taking responsibility
decision stage model of helping
what are the 5 steps?
- noticing the need for help
- is it an emergency
- taking responsibility
- deciding how to help
- taking action on how to help
if at any of these stages one answers no or is uncertain help will not be given.
what are social norms
are standards of ‘rules’ that govern what people should or should not do in certain social situations
social reciprocity norm
the belief that if someone does something for you, you should do something for them
social responsibility norm
the belief that we should help those who are less fortunate then outselves such as those affected by natural disaster
personal factors
empathy, mood, competence
empathy is
our emotional response and understanding
mood
if in a good mood one is more likely to help
competence
likely to help when they have competent skills
bystander effect is
likelihood of someone helping one in need. helping is influences by how many bystanders are around. if lots help is unlikely
influences on reluctancy to help
diffusion of responsibility audience inhibition, social influence, proximity of the victim, cost benefit analysis
kitty genovese
a case of murder, 38 people were witnesses but no one helped
diffusion if responsibility
someone else will do it
audience inhibition
self conscious and may be afraid of embarrassing themselves
social influence
others behaviour serves the basis of our own
proximity of the victim
how close the victim is if further away less likely help is given
cost benefit analysis
weighing up the costs and benefits / pros and cons of a situation and likelihood of helping
bullying is
intentional, harmful, and agressive behaviour that is repeated over a period of time to a specific victim
anti social behaviour is
behaviour that is harmful and non beneficial to society
types of bullying
direct verbal, direct physical, invert/covert and cyberbullying
what are the effects of bullying
physical - bruising, loss of sleep
social - isolation and lonliness
psychological - mental health issues and low self esteem
latane and darley studies
1968 - studying conformity and the bystander effect,
filling a room with artificial smoke to see what they would do - when alone reacted much quicker then when in a group and no one did anything
IV - number of people in the room
DV - going to get help
