Unit 2 Concept 7 Flashcards
Attractive force
Force between the protons in the nucleus and the electrons in the electron cloud-what holds the atom together
2 repulsive force
Force between the electrons. What gives the electron cloud volume.
- Repulsive force
Force between protons creates a insane amount of energy which causes the nucleus to hold together
Nucleus
dense center of an atom-made of protons and neutrons-positively charged-where the mass of atom is located
Two parts of an atom?
Nucleus- electron cloud
Electron cloud
Space surrounding nucleus- broken down into energy levels-electrons further from the nucleus have the most energy-where the volume is located
Valence electrons
Electrons in the outermost energy level
Quarks
Smallest known particle that makes up both protons and neutrons
Atomic number
Tells the number of protons in a atom
Symbol
Abbreviation of the name of the element
Mass number
Not on periodic table- tells the number of protons and neutrons
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
Most stable atoms is when?
Number of protons and neutron are the same
Hyphen form
Potassium-40
Nuclear form
Tiny 40 then regular sized K
Average atomic mass?
Weighted average of all different versions of an element. Closest to the most common isotope of the element
Groups of the periodic table are?
The vertical cloumns
How many groups are there?
18
Period are what?
Horizontal rows
How many periods are there?
7
Groups tell u what?
Valence electrons. All elements in the same group have same # of valence electrons
Group 1 name?
Alkali metals- most reactive
Group 2 name
Alkaline earth metals.
Group 3 name
Rare earth metals
3-12 group name?
Transition metals
Group 17 name
Halogen. Most reactive nonmetals
Group 18 name
Noble gases. Non reactive elements due to already being chemically stable
Groups 13-16 names
The first element in those groups are their names
When do metals get most reactive
When u go down the column/group
Nonmetals get more reactive when?
U move up the column/group
Most reactive metal element on the table
Francium
Most reactive nonmetal
fluorine
The number of periods means what?
The number of energy levels
Things about metals
Shiny,silvery solids
Good conductors of a heat and electricity
Malleable and ductile
Located on the left of the metalloids
Nonmetals things about them
Gas or dull brittle solids
Poor conductors
Right of the metalloids
With the exception of hydrogen
Metalloids things about them
Solids
Semiconductor
Physical properties like metal
Chemical properties like nonmetals
What are the metalloids
B-boron
Si-silicon
Ge-germanium
As-arsenic
Sb-antimony
Te- tellurium
