Unit 2- Axial Muscles Flashcards
What is the name of cranial nerve VII and What group of muscles does it innervate?
Facial Nerve
innervates Muscles of Facial Expression
List the muscles of facial
expression (hint: there are 7)
Occipitofrontalis (frontal belly)
Occipitofrontalis (occipital belly)
Orbicularis Oculi
Buccinator
Zygomaticus
Orbicularis Oris
Platysma
What is unique about the
insertion (distal attachments) for all muscles of facial expression?
What is the name of cranial nerve V What group of muscles does it innervate?
Mandibular Division of Trigeminal Nerve
Muscles of Mastication
What is the name of the third division of cranial nerve V?
List the muscles of mastication (hint: there are 4)
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid
What is insertion referring to?
Distal attachment
What is origin referring to?
Proximal attachment
Name the insertion and action of the Occipitofrontalis (Frontal Belly)
Name the insertion and action of the Occipitofrontalis (Occipital Belly)
Name the insertion and action of the Orbicularis Oculi
Name the insertion and action of the Orbicularis Oris
Name the insertion and action of the Zygomaticus
Name the insertion and action of the Buccinator
Name the insertion and action of the Platysma
Which muscles elevate the mandible? Which muscle acts to depress the mandible?
Medial Pterygoid- elevates
Lateral Pterygoid- depression
List the muscles that allow us to grind our teeth (hint: there are 2)
Medial Pterygoid and Lateral Pterygoid
Name and define the key
anatomical landmarks in the neck.
Hyoid bone- Keeps airway open superiorly
Thyroid Cartilage- Protect Larynx (voicebox)
Cricoid Cartilage- Provide site of muscle attachment critical in vocalization and swallowing
Identify the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Origin- sternum + clavicle
Insertion- Mastoid process (of temporal bone)
Identify the actions of the SCM (bilateral and unilateral)
bilateral- flexes neck
unilateral- lateral flexion, rotation of head to opposite side
Which cranial nerve innervates the SCM?
CN XI or Accessory Nerve
Name the suprahyoid muscles (hint: there are two)
- Digastric
- Mylohyoid
The suprahyoid muscles
________ the hyoid.
elevates
Name the origin and insertion of the Sternothyroid
Origin- sternum
Insertion- thyroid cartilage
Name the origin and insertion of the Thyrohyoid
Origin- thyroid cartilage
Insertion- hyoid bone
Name the origin and insertion of the Sternohyoid
Origin- sternum
Insertion- hyoid bone
Name the origin and insertion of the Omohyoid
Origin- scapula
Insertion- hyoid bone
The infrahyoid muscles ________ the hyoid.
depress
Which rami, or branches of the spinal nerves, innervate the
intrinsic back muscles?
Posterior rami
Identify the insertions (distal attachments) of each superficial intrinsic back muscle (Splenius Capitis and Splenius Cervicis)
splenius capitis-
origin is spinous process of C7 to T4
insertion is mastoid process
splenius cervicis-
origin is spinous process of C7 to T4
insertion is Transverse Process of C1-C3 or 4
What are the unilateral and bilateral actions of the superficial intrinsic back muscles?
Name the three groups of muscle fibers that make up the erector spinae
What are the unilateral and bilateral actions of the erector spinae (the intermediate intrinsic back muscle)?
