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Human Anatomy > Unit 1- Anatomical Terminology > Flashcards

Unit 1- Anatomical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Define anatomy

A

the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

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2
Q

Name and define the two major types of anatomic study

A
  1. Microscopic Anatomy- examines the body structures that cannot be observed by the unaided eye
  2. Gross Anatomy- “macroscopic anatomy” that examines the structures and relationships of large body parts visible to the naked eye
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3
Q

Name and define the subdivisions of microscopic anatomy

A

-cytology: study of single body cells and their internal structures

-histology: study of tissues examining how groups of specialized cells and their products function for a common purpose

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4
Q

Name and define the subdivisions of gross anatomy

A

-developmental: examines changes in structure within an individual from conception to maturity

-embryology: examines developmental changes occurring prior to birth

-surface anatomy: examines both superficial anatomical body markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them

-systemic anatomy: investigates the gross anatomy of each organ system in the body

-regional anatomy: examines the relationships of all structures in a particular region of the body as one complete unit

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5
Q

Cephalic

A

head

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6
Q

Frontal

A

forehead

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7
Q

Orbital

A

eyes

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8
Q

Buccal

A

cheek

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9
Q

Nasal

A

nose

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10
Q

Oral

A

mouth

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11
Q

Mental

A

chin

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12
Q

Cervical

A

neck

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13
Q

Sternal

A

sternum

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14
Q

Pectoral

A

chest

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15
Q

What makes up the thoracic cage?

A

sternal + pectoral

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16
Q

Axillary

A

armpit

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17
Q

Brachial

A

arm

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18
Q

Antecubital

A

front of elbow

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19
Q

Antebrachial

A

forearm

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20
Q

Carpal

A

wrist

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21
Q

Palmar

A

palm

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22
Q

Digital

A

fingers and toes

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23
Q

Abdominal

A

abdomen

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24
Q

Pelvic

A

between the lumbar region of the abdomen superiorly and thighs inferiorly

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25
Q

Inguinal

A

groin

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26
Q

Pubic

A

genital

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27
Q

Femoral

A

thigh

28
Q

Patellar

A

kneecap

29
Q

Crural

A

leg

30
Q

Tarsal

A

ankle

31
Q

Dorsum

A

top of foot or back of hand

32
Q

Occipital

A

back of head

33
Q

Auricular

A

ear

34
Q

Deltoid

A

shoulder

35
Q

Vertebral

A

spinal column

36
Q

Olecranal

A

elbow

37
Q

Lumbar

A

lower back

38
Q

Sacral

A

tailbone

39
Q

Coxal

A

hip

40
Q

Gluteal

A

buttock

41
Q

Perineal

A

between genitals and anus

42
Q

Popliteal

A

back of the knee

43
Q

Sural

A

calf

44
Q

Calcaneal

A

heel

45
Q

Plantar

A

sole of foot

46
Q

Anterior

A

front view

47
Q

Posterior

A

back view

48
Q

Superior

A

upper half of body

49
Q

Inferior

A

lower half of body

50
Q

Describe anatomical position (hint: 6 specific things)

A

-body erect
-face/ eyes forward
-upper limbs at side
-palms forward
-lower limbs parallel
-feet/ toes forward

51
Q

Why is anatomical position important?

A

to have a reference point

52
Q

Prone

A

position of the body lying face down

53
Q

Supine

A

position of the body lying face up

54
Q

What are the two cadaver positions?

A

prone and supine

55
Q

Compare and contrast prone and supine positions

A

compare- cadaver positions, lying down

contrast- prone is face done, supine is face up

56
Q

List the anatomical planes of section

A
  • sagittal
    -median/ midsagittal
    -frontal/ coronal
    -transverse/ horizontal
57
Q

Define sagittal plane

A

any vertical plane cutting the body into left and right

58
Q

Define median/ midsagittal plane

A

a vertical plane that passes through the midline of the body dividing it into equal left and right halves

59
Q

Define frontal/ coronal plane

A

divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

60
Q

Define transverse/ horizontal plane

A

divides the body into superior and inferior positions

61
Q

Define bilateral

A

refers to both right and left sides

62
Q

Define unilateral

A

Occurring only on one side of the body

63
Q

Compare and contrast bilateral and unilateral

A

compare- refers to how many sides of the body it occurs on

contrast- bilateral refers to occurring on both sides of the midline but unilateral refers to occurring on one side of the midline

64
Q

Define Ipsilateral

A

same side of the body (same side comparison)

65
Q

Define Contralateral

A

opposite sides of body (opposite side comparison)

66
Q

Compare and contrast ipsilateral and contralateral

A

compare- refers to which sides of the body it occurs on

contrast- ipsilateral occurs on the same side of body while contralateral occurs on opposite sides of the body

Human Anatomy (9 decks)

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