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Human Anatomy > Unit 1- Four Tissues > Flashcards

Unit 1- Four Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Define tissue

A

collection of similar cells and substance/ material between them that serves a specific function

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2
Q

List the 4 types of tissues

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Connective
  3. Muscle
  4. Nerve/ Nervous
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3
Q

Define apical surface

A

layer of cells that face the outside compartment of the organism

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4
Q

Define basal surface

A

layer of cells that face the serosa and inside compartment of the organism

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5
Q

How do you classify epithelial tissues based on layers?

A

one layer- simple
more than one layer- stratified

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6
Q

How do you classify epithelial tissues based on the shape of the cells?

A

squamous- nucleus is flat and squarely
cuboidal- nucleus is a cube
columnar- nucleus is a longer column

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7
Q

How can you distinguish the difference between keratinized and non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelia?

A

keratinized- cells that were ultimately consumed by keratin (cells not on surface)

non-keratinized- cells that have nuclei superficially (cells on surface)

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8
Q

What is the common origin from which all connective tissues form?

A

Mesenchyme

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9
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Simple Squamous Epithelial

-one layer
- flat cells

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10
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Simple Cubodial Epithelial

  • one layer
  • cubed cells
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11
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Simple Columnar Epithelial

-one layer
-columnar cells

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12
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelial (keratinized)

-multiple layers
-flat cells
-keratinized cells (without nucleus) at top

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13
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Stratified Squamous Epithelial (non-keratinized)

-multiple layers
-flat cells
-no keratinized tissue at top

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14
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial

-appearance of stratified (multiple cell layers) but is not actually
-column shaped
-has cilia at top

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15
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Transitional Epithelial

-globular cells (exception to the rules)

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16
Q

Where is the only place you will find transitional epithelial tissue?

A

the bladder

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17
Q

What are the three types of connective tissue?

A
  1. connective tissue proper
  2. supporting connective tissue
  3. fluid connective tissue
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18
Q

What are the two types of connective tissue proper?

Name their 3 subtypes as well

A
  1. loose connective tissue- fewer fibers,
    more ground
    substance
    -areolar
    -adipose
    -reticular
  2. dense connective tissue- more fibers,
    less ground
    substance
    -regular
    -irregular
    -elastic
19
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Adipose ( loose connective tissue)
-lots of ground substance
-nucleus pushed to edges of the cells

20
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Areolar (loose connective tissue)
-lots of ground substance
-looks like stringy/ webby material (spider webs with eggs?)

21
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Reticular (loose connective tissue)
-lots of ground substance
-dark fibers

22
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Irregular (dense connective tissue)
-limited ground substance
-sporadic

23
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Regular (dense connective tissue)
-limited ground substance
-consistent layers

24
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Elastic (dense connective tissue)
-limited ground substance
-springy fibers (like ramen or curly hair)

25
Q

What are the two types of supporting connective tissues?

Name their 2 or 3 subtypes as well

A

cartilage- semi-solid matrix
-hyaline
-fibrocartilage
-elastic

bone- solid matric
-spongy
-compact

26
Q

What are the differences between cartilage connective tissue and bone connective tissue?

A

the matrix

cartilage- semisolid matrix
bone- solid matrix

27
Q

What characteristics should you look for when viewing cartilage?

A

lacuna- a home for the cells it contains

28
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Elastic Cartilage (supporting connective tissue)
-protein fibers are visible

29
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Hyaline Cartilage (supporting connective tissue)
-glossy and smooth (can’t physically see fibers)
-cells are typically in pairs

30
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Fibrocartilage (supporting connective tissue)
-arranges fibers regularly so you can be strongest
-cells are squeezed in a row

31
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Compact bone (supporting connective tissue)
-outer part of bone
-looks like a treetrunk

32
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Spongy bone (supporting connective tissue)
-inner part of bone
-trabeculae
-looks like a sponge

33
Q

Name the two parts of a compact bone and point them out

A

Central Canal
Osteon

34
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Blood (fluid connective tissue)
-blood cells

35
Q

Identify the three parts of blood and point them out

A

Erythrocyte (red blood cells)
Leukocyte (white blood cells)
Thrombocyte (platelets)

36
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A
  1. skeletal
  2. smooth
  3. cardiac
37
Q

Which muscle tissue types are striated?

A

Cardiac + Skeletal

38
Q

Which muscle tissue types are involuntary?

A

Cardiac and Smooth

39
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Skeletal Muscle
-strong bonding
-nucleus on outer edges (like droplets)

40
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Smooth Muscle
-spindle shaped cell (pointed ends and stretchef)

41
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Cardiac Muscle
-intercalated discs visible

42
Q

Identify this tissue and explain why:

A

Nervous
-has dendrites and axon

43
Q

Name the 6 parts of nervous tissue and point them out

A

Axon- carries information away from cell
Dendrites- carried information to cell
Axon hillock- head of axon
Cell body- central part of neuron
Neuron- entire
Neurological cells- supporting cells around neuron

Human Anatomy (9 decks)

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