Unit 1- Four Tissues

Question 1

Define tissue

Answer 1

collection of similar cells and substance/ material between them that serves a specific function

Question 2

List the 4 types of tissues

Answer 2

1. Epithelium
2. Connective
3. Muscle
4. Nerve/ Nervous

Question 3

Define apical surface

Answer 3

layer of cells that face the outside compartment of the organism

Question 4

Define basal surface

Answer 4

layer of cells that face the serosa and inside compartment of the organism

Question 5

How do you classify epithelial tissues based on layers?

Answer 5

one layer- simple
more than one layer- stratified

Question 6

How do you classify epithelial tissues based on the shape of the cells?

Answer 6

squamous- nucleus is flat and squarely
cuboidal- nucleus is a cube
columnar- nucleus is a longer column

Question 7

How can you distinguish the difference between keratinized and non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelia?

Answer 7

keratinized- cells that were ultimately consumed by keratin (cells not on surface)

non-keratinized- cells that have nuclei superficially (cells on surface)

Question 8

What is the common origin from which all connective tissues form?

Answer 8

Mesenchyme

Question 9

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 9

Simple Squamous Epithelial

-one layer
- flat cells

Question 10

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 10

Simple Cubodial Epithelial

• one layer
• cubed cells

Question 11

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 11

Simple Columnar Epithelial

-one layer
-columnar cells

Question 12

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 12

Stratified Squamous Epithelial (keratinized)

-multiple layers
-flat cells
-keratinized cells (without nucleus) at top

Question 13

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 13

Stratified Squamous Epithelial (non-keratinized)

-multiple layers
-flat cells
-no keratinized tissue at top

Question 14

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 14

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial

-appearance of stratified (multiple cell layers) but is not actually
-column shaped
-has cilia at top

Question 15

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 15

Transitional Epithelial

-globular cells (exception to the rules)

Question 16

Where is the only place you will find transitional epithelial tissue?

Answer 16

the bladder

Question 17

What are the three types of connective tissue?

Answer 17

1. connective tissue proper
2. supporting connective tissue
3. fluid connective tissue

Question 18

What are the two types of connective tissue proper?

Name their 3 subtypes as well

Answer 18

1. loose connective tissue- fewer fibers,
   more ground
   substance
   -areolar
   -adipose
   -reticular
2. dense connective tissue- more fibers,
   less ground
   substance
   -regular
   -irregular
   -elastic

Question 19

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 19

Adipose ( loose connective tissue)
-lots of ground substance
-nucleus pushed to edges of the cells

Question 20

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 20

Areolar (loose connective tissue)
-lots of ground substance
-looks like stringy/ webby material (spider webs with eggs?)

Question 21

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 21

Reticular (loose connective tissue)
-lots of ground substance
-dark fibers

Question 22

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 22

Irregular (dense connective tissue)
-limited ground substance
-sporadic

Question 23

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 23

Regular (dense connective tissue)
-limited ground substance
-consistent layers

Question 24

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 24

Elastic (dense connective tissue)
-limited ground substance
-springy fibers (like ramen or curly hair)

Question 25

What are the two types of supporting connective tissues? Name their 2 or 3 subtypes as well

Answer 25

cartilage- semi-solid matrix -hyaline -fibrocartilage -elastic bone- solid matric -spongy -compact

Question 26

What are the differences between cartilage connective tissue and bone connective tissue?

Answer 26

the matrix cartilage- semisolid matrix bone- solid matrix

Question 27

What characteristics should you look for when viewing cartilage?

Answer 27

lacuna- a home for the cells it contains

Question 28

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 28

Elastic Cartilage (supporting connective tissue) -protein fibers are visible

Question 29

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 29

Hyaline Cartilage (supporting connective tissue) -glossy and smooth (can't physically see fibers) -cells are typically in pairs

Question 30

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 30

Fibrocartilage (supporting connective tissue) -arranges fibers regularly so you can be strongest -cells are squeezed in a row

Question 31

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 31

Compact bone (supporting connective tissue) -outer part of bone -looks like a treetrunk

Question 32

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 32

Spongy bone (supporting connective tissue) -inner part of bone -trabeculae -looks like a sponge

Question 33

Name the two parts of a compact bone and point them out

Answer 33

Central Canal Osteon

Question 34

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 34

Blood (fluid connective tissue) -blood cells

Question 35

Identify the three parts of blood and point them out

Answer 35

Erythrocyte (red blood cells) Leukocyte (white blood cells) Thrombocyte (platelets)

Question 36

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 36

1. skeletal 2. smooth 3. cardiac

Question 37

Which muscle tissue types are striated?

Answer 37

Cardiac + Skeletal

Question 38

Which muscle tissue types are involuntary?

Answer 38

Cardiac and Smooth

Question 39

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 39

Skeletal Muscle -strong bonding -nucleus on outer edges (like droplets)

Question 40

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 40

Smooth Muscle -spindle shaped cell (pointed ends and stretchef)

Question 41

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 41

Cardiac Muscle -intercalated discs visible

Question 42

Identify this tissue and explain why:

Answer 42

Nervous -has dendrites and axon

Question 43

Name the 6 parts of nervous tissue and point them out

Answer 43

Axon- carries information away from cell Dendrites- carried information to cell Axon hillock- head of axon Cell body- central part of neuron Neuron- entire Neurological cells- supporting cells around neuron