Unit 2 AOS1 Flashcards
Development Transition
What is a milestone?
Give an example
A significant skill or event occurring in a persons life at an expected age range.
eg. learning how to work, having a child
What is this first stage of life?
Prenatal
What is the age range for the prenatal stage?
From fertilisation until the time of birth.
Fertilisation is when a sperm penetrates an egg and they form one complete cell, called a zygote.
How is the prenatal stage characterised?
- The development of the bodily organs and structures
- Substantial growth
What stage has the fastest growth period?
Prenatal stage
(going from one cell to more than 200 billion cells and avg. 3.5kg)
What is the second stage of life?
Infancy
What is the age range for the infancy stage?
Birth- the 2nd birthday
How is the infancy stage characterised?
- rapid growth
- learned motor skills (can walk, use simple words, identify familiar people, play social games and throw tantrums)
What is the third stage of life?
Early childhood
What is the age range for early childhood?
2-6th birthday
What is the early childhood stage characterised by?
- slow and steady growth
- accomplishment of many new skills
- learn social skills and will make friends
- become toilet trained
- starts primary school
What is the forth stage of life?
Late childhood
What is the age range for late childhood?
6-12 birthday
What is the late childhood characterised by?
- slow and steady growth
- many physical, social, emotional and intellectual changes
e.g. fining reading and writing skills, developing long-term memory, honing motor skills, understand stereotypes.
What is the age group I am in?
Youth
What is the age range of youth?
12-18 (starts when puberty hits)
Hardest one to dine the age
What is youth characterised by?
- rapid growth
- increased independence and more complex relationships
- sexual maturity
- life goal development
What is the stage after youth called?
Early adulthood
What is early adulthood
characterised by?
- deciding on a career
- moving out
- choose life partner, get married, children
- body reaches physical peak around 25-30, followed by a steady decline thereafter
What is the age range of early adulthood?
18-40th birthday
What is the second last stage of life?
Middle adulthood
What is the age range for middle adulthood stage?
40-65th birthday
What is middle adulthood characterised by?
- stability in work and relationships
- further development of identity
- financial security
- physical signs of aging and menopause
What is empty nest syndrome?
When their children leave home.
What is the last stage of life?
Late adulthood
What is the age range of late adulthood?
65 until death
What is late adulthood characterised by?
- change in lifestyle due to retirement and financial security (for most)
- greater participation in voluntary work and leisure activities
- reflection on life and achievements.
- greift associated with death of friends/spouse
Name all the stages of life?
Prenatal
Infancy
Early childhood
Late childhood
Youth
Early adulthood
Middle adulthood
Late adulthood
What are perceptions based off?
- past experiences
- their values and beliefs
- other peoples opinions
- the media
What are the perceptions of youth?
Negative and positive.
Positive: positive and ambitious
Negative: lazy and selfish
What are the perceptions of adults?
Negative and positive.
Positive: wise and experienced (late adulthood) contributing to society(early)
Negative: out of touch and bad with technology (middle)
What is development?
Development refers to the changes that occur in individuals for their whole lifespan.
What is physical development?
Changes that occur to the body and its systems.
What are motor skills?
They are actions that are require the coordination of muscle groups in order to achieve a specific outcome
What are two types motor skill?
Explain them.
Gross motor: involves the coordination of LARGE muscle groups such as skipping, kicking, walking, throwing.
Fine motor: involves the coordination of SMALL muscle groups such as writing, cutting with scissors, tying shoelaces.
What are primary and secondary sex characteristics?
Primary are those parts of the body directly involved in reproduction.
Secondary are changes that occur to both females and males and are not directly related to production and not present at birth.
What is intellectual development?
The increase in complexity of processes in the brain, such as though, knowledge and memory.
What are the five aspects of intellectual development?
Knowledge & memory
Language
Thought patterns & problem solving
Creativity
Attention
What is emotional development?
Experiencing the full range of emotions and being able to appropriately express them.
What are the four aspects of emotional development?
Developing self concept (how a person sees themselves)
Experiencing the full range of emotions
Learning appropriate ways of expressing and communicating emotions
Building resilience (recovering from misfortune/negative events)
What is social development?
Refers to the increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.
What are the four concepts of social development?
Relationships skills (conflict resolution and open communication)
Behaviours (eg. being considerate)
Social roles (eg. son/daughter, friend)
Communication skills (eg. writing and oral)
What are some primary sex characteristics for woman?
- first ovulation
- first menstruation
- the ovaries, uterus, vagina enlarges
What are some secondary sex characteristics for woman?
- skin becomes oily
- body hair develops including underarm and public hair
- breast develop
- hips widen
What are some primary sex characteristics for men?
- penis enlarges
- first ejaculation
- testes grow and start producing sperm
What are some secondary sex characteristics for men?
- skin becomes oily
- facial hair appears
- shoulders broaden
- increased muscle mass
