Unit 2-5

Question 1

A social concept that groups certain people together based on physical traits like skin color, though there is no biological basis for such categorization.

Answer 1

race

Question 2

A norm that is just a traditional or usual way of doing something

Answer 2

folkways

Question 3

A culturally shaped way of acting that reflects and enforces culture.

Answer 3

norm

Question 4

Groups of people who share the same cultural identity, which is often based on their heritage and ancestry.

Answer 4

ethnic groups

Question 5

The attitude or opinion that the norms, values, and customs of one’s own culture are superior to those of other people’s.

Answer 5

ethnocentrism

Question 6

The view that morality is culturally determined and consequently there is no objective moral rule or law that is universally correct.

Answer 6

cultural relativism

Question 7

A system of communication through conventional symbols.

Answer 7

language

Question 8

The integration of national economies into the global economy with open access to people, goods, and information.

Answer 8

globalization

Question 9

A punishment or reward given out in response to breaking or fulfilling a cultural norm.

Answer 9

sanction

Question 10

A complex behavior that is preprogrammed.

Answer 10

instinct

Question 11

A group within a larger culture that has distinctive attitudes and behaviors which sets them apart from the dominant culture.

Answer 11

subcultures

Question 12

A culture or subculture with values and customs that are opposed to those accepted by most of the society.

Answer 12

counterculture

Question 13

A norm that deals with questions of morality, right and wrong.

Answer 13

more

Question 14

The transition from a pre-modern society to a modern society; the process of urbanization and industrialization.

Answer 14

modernization

Question 15

Perceptions and practices, largely shaped by the subjective meaning we give to our experiences, used to define what is real.

Answer 15

social construction of reality

Question 16

Belief of a group or individual on which behavior and decisions are based.

Answer 16

cultural value

Question 17

The transfer of cultural ideas from one national or ethnic group to another. Usually the cultural idea is transformed somehow.

Answer 17

diffusion

Question 18

A language used by a subculture to distinguish themselves from the dominant culture; the jargon of a subculture.

Answer 18

argot

Question 19

Any object, word, or action that signifies meaning of something else.

Answer 19

symbol

Question 20

The transmission of information and meaning through channels that are not spoken out loud or written down.

Answer 20

non-verbal communication

Question 21

Norms that are so strong a violation is considered so offensive and even unmentionable and includes extreme sanctions.

Answer 21

taboo

Question 22

The assumption that any aspect of a culture is integrated with other aspects, so that no dimension of culture can be understood in isolation.

Answer 22

holism

Question 23

Knowledge, language, values, norms, customs, and material objects that characterize a group and are passed from person to person from one generation to the next.

Answer 23

culture

Question 24

The ways people use their bodies to communicate with one another non-verbally.

Answer 24

gestures

Question 25

Learning cultural patterns of a new culture. Generally we use this concept to describe children learning their own culture.

Answer 25

enculturation