Pre Assessment Flashcards
What did Emile Durkheim’s research on suicide reveal?
Suicide rates were higher in areas where an individual’s ties to their group were disrupted or distorted.
Suicide rates were not related to community ties.
Suicide rates were similar across social groups.
Suicide rates were lowest in areas with strong individual identity.
Suicide rates were higher in areas where an individual’s ties to their group were disrupted or distorted.
Which idea did Auguste Comte introduce to the field of sociology?
Positivism
Ethical standards
Subjective interpretations
Applied sociology
Positivism
Which sociological perspective assumes that social life is shaped by the meanings people associate with things?
Symbolic interactionism
Functional analysis
Conflict
Macrosociology
Symbolic interactionism
Which sociological perspective views society as being made up of groups competing for scarce resources?
Symbolic interactionism
Functional analysis
Conflict
Microsociology
Conflict
Which ethical dilemma in sociological research does Laud Humphry’s study on social interactions between men in public restrooms highlight?
Misleading research subjects
Revealing the names of research subjects
Falsifying results
Plagiarism
Misleading research subjects
Sociologists must consider the potential physical and emotional risks that participants may be exposed to during a research study.
Which issue does this consideration address?
Data validity
Data analysis
Ethical standards
Personal values
Ethical standards
What are sociologists practicing when they evaluate cultures without judging them?
Cultural relativism
Ethnocentrism
Symbolic culture
Culture shock
Cultural relativism
A group of teachers teaching in the same neighborhood of Los Angeles meet regularly about family and ethnicity issues they encounter in their daily work.
What is this an example of?
Subculture
Counterculture
Taboo
More
Subculture
What role do a culture’s values play in social interactions?
Values define a culture’s standards for good and bad, beautiful and ugly, right and wrong.
Values are the primary way people communicate with one another.
Values are the expectations for behavior in a society.
Values can take the form of positive or negative sanctions.
Values define a culture’s standards for good and bad, beautiful and ugly, right and wrong.
How does the workplace act as an agent of socialization?
It is the place where one begins concrete operational thought.
It is an environment where one’s social class is unimportant.
It is the place where one’s looking-glass self is first realized.
It is an environment where one can acquire new perspectives of the world.
It is an environment where one can acquire new perspectives of the world.
According to studies of socialization through the “life course” in modern society, which group characteristically grapples most with the question “Who am I?” and struggles to carve out a group identity?
Children, age 12 and under
Adolescents, ages 13 to 17
Young adults, ages 18 to 29
Middle-age people, ages 30 to 62
Adolescents, ages 13 to 17
Where do most people first encounter gender socialization?
Family
Workplace
School
Media
Family
What does George Herbert Mead’s term “generalized other” refer to in relation to the development of the self?
General attitudes the individual internalizes from significant others
Perception of the norms, values, attitudes, and expectations of others in general
Perception of the norms, values, attitudes, and expectations of significant others
The spontaneous part of the self that is derived in general from others
Perception of the norms, values, attitudes, and expectations of others in general
If Mateo feels happy because he thinks his classmates will approve of his new shoes, which phase of the looking-glass self is Mateo in?
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Third
Which concept reflects sociological ways of thinking about the development of self?
Genetic differences
The looking-glass self
Emphasizing nature over nurture
Intelligence measures
The looking-glass self
What is a secondary group?
A group that is created through similar interests, activities, or professions
A group of family members
A group that a person feels antagonistic toward
A group that an individual uses as a comparison point
A group that is created through similar interests, activities, or professions
A student is well prepared for a class assignment, and she feels confident she knows the correct answers to the questions the teacher will ask during a group discussion. However, the student is reluctant to raise her hand to answer the questions to avoid making her classmates look bad.
Which term explains the student’s behavior within the social structure of the group?
Role strain
Dramaturgy
Organic solidarity
Gemeinschaft
Role strain
What is an example of a category?
Fans gathered to watch a concert
Members of the same softball team
People who wear glasses
Participants in a race
People who wear glasses
Which term describes a crowd of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time?
Aggregate
Category
Primary group
Secondary group
Aggregate
Which social theorist was the first to analyze bureaucracies as powerful forms of social organization that are concerned with the “bottom line?”
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Robert Michaels
George Ritzer
Max Weber
How does group size affect group dynamics?
The smaller the group, the more divisions it has.
The larger the group, the more intimacy exists between members.
The smaller the group, the less interaction exists between members.
The larger the group, the more stable it is.
The larger the group, the more stable it is.
Which characteristic describes a bureaucracy?
There is a clear division of labor.
Interactions are personal.
Communication tends to be verbal.
Assignments flow upward.
There is a clear division of labor.
According to sociologist George Simmel, what happens to a small group’s dynamics and interactions as it grows larger?
It becomes more stable, but its intimacy decreases.
It becomes less stable, but its intimacy increases.
It develops a less formal structure and intimacy decreases.
It develops a more formal structure and intimacy increases.
It becomes more stable, but its intimacy decreases.
How does Strain Theory explain deviance?
Social elites construct perceptions of deviant behavior to control lower classes.
People are not always willing and/or able to achieve cultural goals.
People associate with familiar groups and behaviors.
People embrace deviant labels to signal group membership.
People are not always willing and/or able to achieve cultural goals.
