Unit 2

Question 1

The upward movement of ocean water toward the surface as a result of diverging currents.

Answer 1

Upwelling

Question 2

large scale pattern of water circulation.

Answer 2

Gyre

Question 3

what way do the northern hemisphere gyres move?

Answer 3

clockwise

Question 4

what way do the southern hemisphere gyres move?

Answer 4

counterclockwise

Question 5

what are ocean currents driven by?

Answer 5

combination of temperature, gravity, prevailing winds, coriolis effect, and location of continent

Question 6

The deflection of an object’s path due to the rotation of earth

Answer 6

Coriolis effect

Question 7

like warm air, what expands and rises?

Answer 7

warm water

Question 8

What are the 5 major gyres?

Answer 8

Indian ocean gyre, North pacific gyre, South pacific gyre, North Atlantic Gyre and South Atlantic Gyre.

Question 9

What does upwelling do?

Answer 9

brings nutrients from the ocean bottom that supports the large populations of producers.

Question 10

An oceanic circulation pattern that drives the mixing of surface water and deep water.

Answer 10

Thermohaline circulation

Question 11

Appears to be driven by surface waters that contain unusually large amounts of salt.

Answer 11

Thermohaline circulation

Question 12

to pack tightly

Answer 12

density

Question 13

why do we float better on the ocean than on a lake?

Answer 13

Salt water packs more molecules into a space than fresh water.

Question 14

A layer of atmosphere closest, to the surface of earth, extending approximately 16km.

Answer 14

Troposphere

Question 15

The layer of the atmosphere above the Troposphere, extending roughly 16 to 50km above the surface of earth. contains the ozone layer.

Answer 15

Stratosphere

Question 16

The percentage, of incoming sunlight reflecting from a surface

Answer 16

Albedo

Question 17

Which surface has the higher albedo snow or asphalt?

Answer 17

snow

Question 18

The average weather that occurs in a given over a long period of time.

Answer 18

Climate

Question 19

The short-term conditions of the atmosphere in a local area, which include temperature, humidity, precipitation, clouds, and cloud speed.

Answer 19

Weather

Question 20

How is most of earth’s energy transferred?

Answer 20

Through wind and air currents.

Question 21

What is the earths axis of rotation?

Answer 21

23.5 degrees

Question 22

Which one is slightly closer to the sun: North pole or South pole?

Answer 22

North Pole

Question 23

How does the earth’s axis affect the seasons?

Answer 23

Because the rotation is tilted 23.5 degrees, the latitude that receives the most direct rays of the sun and the most hours of daylight changes throughout the year, causing seasons.

Question 24

What does arid mean?

Answer 24

dry

Question 25

What prevents the tropics from being unbearably hot and keeps the rest of the world from freezing etc.?

Answer 25

air currents

Question 26

The maximum amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature.

Answer 26

saturation point

Question 27

the cooling effect of reduced pressure on air as it rises higher in the atmosphere and expands.

Answer 27

Adiabatic cooling

Question 28

the heating effect of increased pressure on air as it sinks toward the surface of earth and decreases in volume

Answer 28

Adiabatic heating

Question 29

The release of energy when water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into liquid water.

Answer 29

Latent heat release

Question 30

a convention current in the atmosphere that cycles between the equator and 30 degrees N and 30 degrees S

Answer 30

Hadley cell

Question 31

The latitude that receives the most intense sunlight, which causes the ascending branches of the two Hadley cells to converge.

Answer 31

Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)

Question 32

A convection current in the atmosphere, formed by air that rises at 60° N and 60° S and sinks at the poles, 90° N and 90° S.

Answer 32

Polar cell

Question 32

A convection current in the atmosphere that lies between Hadley cells and polar cells.

Answer 32

Ferrell cell

Question 33

Global patterns of air movement that are initiated by the unequal heating of Earth.

Answer 33

Atmospheric convection current

Question 34

A region with conditions found on the leeward side of a mountain range as a result of humid winds from the ocean causing precipitation on the windward side.

Answer 34

Rain shadow

Question 35

side of the mountains, air rises and cools, and large amounts of water vapor condense to form clouds and precipitation.

Answer 35

Windward side

Question 36

side of the mountains, cold, dry air descends, warms via adiabatic heating, and causes much drier conditions.

Answer 36

Leeward side