Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Environmental Science > Chapter 3 (module 6+7+8) > Flashcards

Chapter 3 (module 6+7+8) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A particular location on earth with interacting biotic and abiotic components.

A

ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

everything thats living

A

biotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

non living

A

Abiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The region of our planet where life resides; the combination of all ecosystems on earth.

A

Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An organism that uses the energy of the sun to produce usable forms of energy.
- also call Autotroph
-only ones that can create their own food

A

Producer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The process by which producers use solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose

A

photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The process by which cells unlock the energy of chemical compounds.

A

Cellular respiration (breathing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
(the use of o2)

A

Aerobic respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the process by which cells convert glucose into energy in the absence of oxygen.
(not using o2)

A

Anaerobic respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organism that is incapable of photosynthesis and must obtain it’s energy by consuming other organisms.
- also known as heterotroph

A

Consumer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A consumer that eats producers.
- also known as primary consumer

A

Herbivore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A consumer that eats other consumers

A

Carnivore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

carnivore that eats primary consumers

A

Secondary consumer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A carnivore that eats secondary consumers.

A

Tertiary consumer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The successive levels of organisms consuming one another.
(who eats who)

A

Trophic levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the sequence of consumption from producers through tertiary consumer.

A

food chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A complex model of how energy and matter move between trophic levels

A

Food web

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

An event, caused by physical, chemical(nuclear bomb/plantations), or biological agents(pandemic,diseases), resulting in changes in population or composition.

A

Disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A measure of how much a disturbance can affect flows of energy and matter in an ecosystem.

A

resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The rate at which an ecosystem returns to its original state after a disturbance.

A

resilience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The study and implementation of restoring damaged ecosystems.

A

Restoration ecology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

All land in a given landscape that drains into a particular stream, river, lake, or wetland.

A

Watershed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The hypothesis that ecosystems experiencing intermediate levels of disturbance are more diverse than those with high or low disturbance levels.

A

Intermediate disturbance hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

An organism that consumes dead animals

A

Scavenger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

An organism that specializes in breaking down dead tissues and waste products into smaller particles.

A

Detritivore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fungi and bacteria that convert organic matter into small elements and molecules that can be recycled back into the ecosystem.

A

decomposers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The total amount of solar energy that producers in an ecosystem capture via photosynthesis over a given amount of time. (1% of solar energy)

A

gross primary productivity (GPP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The energy captured by producers in an ecosystem minus the energy producers respire. (What’s left for the rest of the food web)

A

net primary productivity (NPP)

27
Q

What percentage of solar energy do producers capture via photosynthesis

A

1 percent

28
Q

What percentage of GPP is used for respiration?

A

60 percent

29
Q

The total mass of all living matter in a specific area.

A

biomass

30
Q

The amount of biomass present in an ecosystem at a particular time.

A

standing crop

31
Q

The proportion of consumed energy that can be passed from one trophic level to another.

A

ecological efficiency

32
Q

A representation of of the distribution of biomass numbers, or energy among trophic levels.

A

Trophic pyramid

33
Q

The movements of matter within and between ecosystems.

A

Biogeochemical cycle

34
Q

The movement of water through the biosphere.

A

Hydrologic cycle

35
Q

The release of water from leaves during photosynthesis. (plants “sweating”)

A

Transpiration

36
Q

The combined amount of evaporation and transpiration.

A

Evapotranspiration

37
Q

Water that moves across the land surface and into streams and rivers.

A

runoff

38
Q

The movement of carbon around the biosphere(oil, gas, diamond…)

A

Carbon cycle

39
Q

One of six key elements that organisms need in relatively large amounts

A

Macronutrient

40
Q

What are the 6 macronutrient?

A

nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.

41
Q

A nutrient required for the growth of an organism but available in a lower quantity than other nutrients.

A

Limiting nutrient

42
Q

The movement of nitrogen around the biosphere.

A

Nitrogen cycle

43
Q

A process by which some organisms can convert nitrogen gas molecules directly into ammonia.

A

Nitrogen fixation

44
Q

The amount of biomass present in an ecosystem at a particular time.

A

standing crop

45
Q

The proportion of consumed energy that can be passed from one trophic level to another.

A

ecological efficiency

46
Q

A representation of the distribution of biomass numbers, or energy among trophic levels.

A

trophic pyramid

47
Q

The movements of matter within and between ecosystems.

A

Biogeochemical cycle

48
Q

The movement of water through the biosphere.

A

Hydrologic cycle

49
Q

The release of water from leaves during photosynthesis. (plants “sweating”)

A

Transpiration

50
Q

The combined amount of evaporation and transpiration.

A

Evapotranspiration

51
Q

Water that moves across the land surface and into streams and rivers.

A

Runoff

52
Q

The movement of carbon around the biosphere(oil, gas, diamond…)

A

Carbon cycle

53
Q

One of six key elements that organisms need in relatively large amounts

A

Macronutrient

54
Q

What are the 6 elements that are macronutrients?

A

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.

55
Q

A nutrient required for the growth of an organism but available in a lower quantity than other nutrients.

A

limiting nutrient

56
Q

The movement of nitrogen around the biosphere.

A

Nitrogen cycle

57
Q

A process by which some organisms can convert nitrogen gas molecules directly into ammonia.

A

Nitrogen fixation

58
Q

The conversion of ammonia (NH4+) into nitrite (NO2– ) and then into nitrate (NO3– ).

A

Nitrification

59
Q

The process by which producers incorporate elements into their tissues.

A

Assimilation

60
Q

The process by which fungal and bacterial decomposers break down the organic matter found in dead bodies and waste products and convert it into inorganic compounds.

A

Mineralization

61
Q

The process by which fungal and bacterial decomposers break down the organic nitrogen found in dead bodies and waste products and convert it into inorganic ammonium

A

Ammonification

62
Q

The conversion of nitrate in a series of steps into the gases nitrous oxide and, eventually, nitrogen gas , which is emitted into the atmosphere.

A

Denitrification

63
Q

The transportation of dissolved molecules through the soil via groundwater.

A

leaching

64
Q

The movement of phosphorus around the biosphere.
phosphorus is important to humans because we use it in fertilizer

A

Phosphorus cycle

65
Q

A rapid increase in the algal population of a waterway (often from too much phosphorus in waterways).

A

algal bloom

66
Q

low level of oxygen “suffocating”

A

Hypoxic

67
Q

the movement of sulfur around the biosphere
-found in sediments and factory
-found in the fumes of volcanoes

A

Sulfur cycle

Environmental Science (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions