chapter 4(module 12 +13) Flashcards
A geographic region categorized by particular combination of average annual temp, precipitation and plant growth. (on land)
Terrestrial biome
characterized by particular combination of salinity, depth and water flow.
Aquatic biome
displays monthly temp and precipitation values.
helps to determine a biomes values.
climate diagrams
cold and treeless biome with low growing vegetation.
tundra
an impermeable, permanently frozen layer of soil. Is in tundra biome.
permafrost
biome prevailing at 30N and 30S, with hot temperatures, extremely dry conditions and sparse vegetation.
cacti, euphorbs and succulents are well adapted to these biomes.
subtropical desert
biome marked by warm temperatures and distinct in wet and dry seasons.
Tropical seasonal forest/Savanna
warm and wet biome found between 20N and 20S. has little seasonal temperature change and high precipitation.
Tropical rainforest
biome characterized by cold, harsh winters and hot dry summers. lowest annual precipitation of any temperate biome.
Temperate grassland/cold desert
biome characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters and is equipped to forest fires
Woodland/Shrubland
biome with warm summers and cold winters with over 1m of precipitation annually
temperate seasonal forest biome
a coastal biome typified by moderate temperature and high precipitation
temperate rainforest
a forest biome made up primarily of coniferous evergreen trees that can tolerate cold winters and short growing seasons. located in 50-60N. (Europe, Russia, and North America)
Boreal forest
deep ocean water, located away from the shoreline where sunlight cannot reach the ocean bottom.
open ocean
upper layer of ocean water that receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
photic zone
deeper layer of ocean water that lacks enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
Aphotic zone
process used by some bacteria in ocean to generate energy from methane and hydrogen sulfide.
chemosynthesis
most diverse marine biome on earth. found in shallow warm waters beyond the shoreline.
coral reef
phenomenon in which algae inside corals die causing them to turn white.
coral bleaching
narrow band of coastline between the levels of high tide and low tide.
intertidal zone
swap that occurs in tropical and subtropical coasts. contains salt tolerant trees submerged in waters. these trees help protect the coastlines from erosion and damage.
mangrove swamp
marsh containing nonwoody emergent vegetation. found along the coast in temperate biomes. one of the most productive biomes in world.
salt marsh
aquatic biome that is submerged or saturated by water for at least part of each year.
freshwater wetlands
lake with low level productivity
oligotrophic
lake with moderate level of productivity
mesotrophic
lake with high level productivity
eutrophic
contains standing water at least some of which is too deep to support vegetation.
lakes and ponds
shallow zone of water and soil in lakes and ponds where most algae grows.
littoral zone
zone of open water in lakes and ponds
limnetic zone
floating algae
phytoplankton
region of water that sunlight does not reach, below the limnetic zone only found in very deep lakes.
profundal zone
muddy bottom of a lake, pond or ocean.
benthic zone
flowing fresh water that may originate from underground springs or runoff from rain or melting snow from mountains.
river or streams
usually narrow and carry realtively small amounts of water
streams
wider and carry larger amounts of water
river
what biomes are in freshwater biomes?
- streams and rivers
- lakes and ponds
- freshwater wetlands
what biomes are in saltwater biomes?
- mangrove swamp
- intertidal zone
- coral reefs
- open ocean
