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Anatomy & Physiology 1 > unit 2 > Flashcards

unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

compounds

A

An actual combination of two or more elements

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2
Q

element

A

Pure substances that can’t be broke down

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3
Q

hydrogen bonds

A

hydrogen bond is when a weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom in one molecule and a slightly negative oxygen or hydrogen atom in another

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4
Q

covalent bonds

A

two atoms share one or more electrons. then become one new atom stuck together

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5
Q

ionic bonds

A

transfer an electron from its outer shell. then it changes from a neutral atom to either a positive or negative atom

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6
Q

define electrons

A

tiny particles with a negative charge that whirl around the center of atom

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7
Q

define protons

A

particles in the center of an atom that carry a positive charge

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8
Q

define matter

A

anything that occupies space and mass

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9
Q

define isotopes

A

an atom of an element that contains a diffrenet number of neutrons

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10
Q

define nucleus

A

center of an atom

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11
Q

define element

A

a pure substance that cant be broken down or deomposed into two or more substances

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12
Q

define compounds

A

chemical combination of two or more elements

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13
Q

what are the four elements that make up the body

A

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen

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14
Q

atomic number is determined by

A

the amount of protons

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15
Q

potassium symbol

A

K

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16
Q

mangansese

A

MN

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17
Q

Tin

A

Sn

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18
Q

Silicon

A

Si

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19
Q

Selenium

A

Se

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20
Q

MOLybdeum

A

Me

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21
Q

Chromium

A

Cr

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22
Q

Iron

A

Fe

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23
Q

Cobalt

A

Co

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24
Q

Copper

A

Cu

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25
atomic weight
the number of protons and neutrons added together
26
ATP
stores energy released from the breakdown of nutrients and provides it to fuel cellular reaction
27
acid
any substances that release hydrogen ions in solution
28
anabolism
the constructive phase of metabolism during which cells nutrients and energy for growth and repair
29
cations
an ion with a positive charge
30
anion
an ion with a negative charge
31
ions
electrically charged ions
32
colloid
usallay a mixture of protein and water, can change from liquid to gel
33
lipids
a group of fats characterized by thier insolubility in water
34
base
any substances that combines with hydrogen ions
35
metabolism
the sum of all chemical reactions in the body
36
mixture
substnaces that results when two or more substances blend rather than chemically combine
37
catabolism
phase of metabolism durring which complex substances are converted to simpler ones, resulting in the release of chemical energy
38
enzymes
substances that change the rate of chemical reactions without being changed themselves
39
ionization
process whereby ionic bonds break when dissolved in water, creating a solution thats capable of conducting electricity
40
suspension
mixture containing large particles that tend to settle when left undistrubed
41
triglyceride
most abundant lipid that functions as a source of energy in the body
42
Ph
a measure of hydrogen ion concentration of solution
43
peptide bonds
the type of bond through which amino acids link together
44
acidic
lower than 7 stomach acicd lemons
45
basic(alkaline)
stronger than 7 bleach household remover
46
carbohydrates
main source of energy, contains carbon hydrogen oxygen
47
surcose
table sugar
48
lactose
milk sugar
49
maltose
found in germinating wheat
50
glucose
praimary source energy used by the most of the body
51
frutose
found in fruit converted to glucose
52
galactose
found in dairy products converted to glucose
53
glycogen
stored from of glucose
54
mixture
results when two or more substnaces blend togther chemical combined
55
water is a solvent, lubericant, and changes temp slowly
56
one type of chemical reaction is synthesis
two or more substances combine to form a different, more complex substance A+B=AB
57
decompostion
breaks down complex substances into simpler substances AB -TO= A B
58
exchange
two molecules excahnge atoms or groups of atoms, which make a new group
59
reversible reaction
can go either a+B+AB or AB=A+B
60
solution
see through
61
colloid
like gelatine cloudy
62
suspension
particles separate and settle at the bottom of the container oil and water or salad dress
63
cellular respiration
the process cells need oxygen to break down nutrients to release energy
64
ionization
when dissolved in water ionic bonds tend to be AK or dissociate creating a solution of positive and negative ions
65
polar
type of molecules with an uneven distribution of electron
66
ionization
electrically charged atoms
67
valance
the electrons in an atom's outer shell
68
anabolism
involves building larger and more complex chemical molecules which require energy input
69
electrolytes
conduct electricity
70
molecules
particles composed of two or more atoms united by chemical bonds

Anatomy & Physiology 1 (9 decks)

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