A&P unit three human cells

Question 1

(ER) endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 1

passgeway for transport of material within the cell and synthesis lipids (fats) also holds ribosomes

Question 2

Ribosomes

Answer 2

the location of protein synthesis, cells’ protein-producing structures

Question 3

proteasomes

Answer 3

site of digestion of misfoled or damged protien amion acids may be recycled

Question 4

Golgi apparatus

Answer 4

synthesis of carbohydrates

Question 5

nucleolus

Answer 5

center of nucleus

Question 6

passive transport

Answer 6

movement of ions and other substances across the cell membrane without the need for energy

Question 7

Rna

Answer 7

nucleotides that assist in protein synthesis

Question 8

selective permeability

Answer 8

characteristic of the plasma membrane that allows some substances to pass through easily where others cannot

Question 9

polymer

Answer 9

a larger molecule consisting of many smaller molecules joined in sequence

Question 10

osmotic pressure

Answer 10

water pressure that develops in solution as a result of osmosis

Question 11

osmosis

Answer 11

a passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water from an area of greater concentration of water to a lower concentration of water (High to Low, Equilibrium)

Question 12

`nucleus

Answer 12

center of the cell contains the complete set of chromosomes 46

Question 13

plasma membrane

Answer 13

external boundary of the cell

Question 14

pinocytosis

Answer 14

process in which the fluid and dissolved particles are trapped in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell

Question 15

phagocytosis

Answer 15

process in which large particles are trapped in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell

Question 16

organelles

Answer 16

structures within the cells that perform specific tasks in cellular metabolism

Question 17

centrioles

Answer 17

bundles of microtubules that reside outside the cell nucleus where they play a role in cell division

Question 18

chromatin

Answer 18

thread-like structures composed of DNA and proteins that extend throughout the cell nucleus

Question 19

cilia

Answer 19

hair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propels materials across a surface

Question 20

cytoplasm

Answer 20

gel-like substance surrounding the nucleus and filling the cell

Question 21

cytoskeleton

Answer 21

supporting framework of the cell

Question 22

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 22

larger polymer of a nucleotide that carries the genetic information of a cell

Question 23

diffusion

Answer 23

passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of particles from high to low concentration ( takes no energy ) high to low

Question 24

endocytosis

Answer 24

form of vesicular transport that brings substances into the cell

Question 25

active transport

Answer 25

transport process in which solutes move from areas of lesser to greater concentration( requires energy in the form of ATP

Question 26

organelles

Answer 26

structures within the cell that perform tasks in the cellular metabolism

Question 27

exocytosis

Answer 27

form of vesicular that transports substances outside the cell

Question 28

filtration

Answer 28

transport process in which water and dissolved particles are forced across a membrane from an area of higher to lower pressure

Question 29

flagella

Answer 29

exist as a sperm cell

Question 30

facilitated diffusion

Answer 30

transport process involving diffusion of a substance through a channel protein

Question 31

genome

Answer 31

complete set of genes or genetic material within a cell

Question 32

hydrostatic pressure

Answer 32

the pressure exerted by water

Question 33

nuclear pore

Answer 33

perforations that regulate the passage of molecules into the nucleus

Question 34

nuclear envelope

Answer 34

the double-layered membrane surrounding the cell nucleus

Question 35

mitosis

Answer 35

cell division of two identical daughter cells

Question 36

mitochondria

Answer 36

converts organic compounds to atp powerhouse of the cell

Question 37

microvilli

Answer 37

folds of a cell membrane that greatly increases the surface area of the cell to facilitate absorption

Question 38

lysosomes

Answer 38

contains enzymes that help break down proteins the cell doesn't need

Question 39

isotonic

Answer 39

pertains to a solution in which the concentration of solutes is the same in the cell

Question 40

hypotonic

Answer 40

pertains to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes compared with the fluid within the cell

Question 41

hypertonic

Answer 41

pertains to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared with the fluid within the cell

Question 42

PMAT

Answer 42

prophase begins form in the middle, metaphase some attach to the side then line up along the cell, anaphase cells divide to opposite poles of the cell, telophase a new nuclear envelope develops two new daughter cells

Question 43

cell cycle GSGM

Answer 43

DNA synthesis, DNA replication, prep for mitosis, cell division

Question 44

transcription

Answer 44

1 receives a chemical message to make new protein, 2 unwind, 3 enzymes assemble RNA, 4