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Anatomy & Physiology 1 > A&P unit three human cells > Flashcards

A&P unit three human cells Flashcards

1
Q

(ER) endoplasmic reticulum

A

passgeway for transport of material within the cell and synthesis lipids (fats) also holds ribosomes

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2
Q

Ribosomes

A

the location of protein synthesis, cells’ protein-producing structures

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3
Q

proteasomes

A

site of digestion of misfoled or damged protien amion acids may be recycled

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4
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

synthesis of carbohydrates

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5
Q

nucleolus

A

center of nucleus

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6
Q

passive transport

A

movement of ions and other substances across the cell membrane without the need for energy

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7
Q

Rna

A

nucleotides that assist in protein synthesis

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8
Q

selective permeability

A

characteristic of the plasma membrane that allows some substances to pass through easily where others cannot

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9
Q

polymer

A

a larger molecule consisting of many smaller molecules joined in sequence

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10
Q

osmotic pressure

A

water pressure that develops in solution as a result of osmosis

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11
Q

osmosis

A

a passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water from an area of greater concentration of water to a lower concentration of water (High to Low, Equilibrium)

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12
Q

`nucleus

A

center of the cell contains the complete set of chromosomes 46

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13
Q

plasma membrane

A

external boundary of the cell

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14
Q

pinocytosis

A

process in which the fluid and dissolved particles are trapped in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell

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15
Q

phagocytosis

A

process in which large particles are trapped in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell

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16
Q

organelles

A

structures within the cells that perform specific tasks in cellular metabolism

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17
Q

centrioles

A

bundles of microtubules that reside outside the cell nucleus where they play a role in cell division

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18
Q

chromatin

A

thread-like structures composed of DNA and proteins that extend throughout the cell nucleus

19
Q

cilia

A

hair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propels materials across a surface

20
Q

cytoplasm

A

gel-like substance surrounding the nucleus and filling the cell

21
Q

cytoskeleton

A

supporting framework of the cell

22
Q

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

A

larger polymer of a nucleotide that carries the genetic information of a cell

23
Q

diffusion

A

passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of particles from high to low concentration ( takes no energy ) high to low

24
Q

endocytosis

A

form of vesicular transport that brings substances into the cell

25
Q

active transport

A

transport process in which solutes move from areas of lesser to greater concentration( requires energy in the form of ATP

26
Q

organelles

A

structures within the cell that perform tasks in the cellular metabolism

27
Q

exocytosis

A

form of vesicular that transports substances outside the cell

28
Q

filtration

A

transport process in which water and dissolved particles are forced across a membrane from an area of higher to lower pressure

29
Q

flagella

A

exist as a sperm cell

30
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

transport process involving diffusion of a substance through a channel protein

31
Q

genome

A

complete set of genes or genetic material within a cell

32
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

the pressure exerted by water

33
Q

nuclear pore

A

perforations that regulate the passage of molecules into the nucleus

34
Q

nuclear envelope

A

the double-layered membrane surrounding the cell nucleus

35
Q

mitosis

A

cell division of two identical daughter cells

36
Q

mitochondria

A

converts organic compounds to atp powerhouse of the cell

37
Q

microvilli

A

folds of a cell membrane that greatly increases the surface area of the cell to facilitate absorption

38
Q

lysosomes

A

contains enzymes that help break down proteins the cell doesn’t need

39
Q

isotonic

A

pertains to a solution in which the concentration of solutes is the same in the cell

40
Q

hypotonic

A

pertains to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes compared with the fluid within the cell

41
Q

hypertonic

A

pertains to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared with the fluid within the cell

42
Q

PMAT

A

prophase begins form in the middle, metaphase some attach to the side then line up along the cell, anaphase cells divide to opposite poles of the cell, telophase a new nuclear envelope develops two new daughter cells

43
Q

cell cycle GSGM

A

DNA synthesis, DNA replication, prep for mitosis, cell division

44
Q

transcription

A

1 receives a chemical message to make new protein, 2 unwind, 3 enzymes assemble RNA, 4

Anatomy & Physiology 1 (9 decks)

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