chapter 4 Flashcards
archaea
extremely diverse microscopic single-celled organisms that do not contain a nucleus comprise one of the three domains of life along with bacteria and complex life
Bacilli
rod shaped bacteria
bacteria
single cell microscopic oragansims that are the cheif inhabitants of the microbiome
bacteriophage
complex virus that attaches to surface of a host and then uses a sheath -like syringe to inject its nucleic acid into the target cells
capsid
protein shell that surrounds viral genetic material
capsomeres
individual structural units forming the vital capsid
capsule
gelatinous covering that keeps the bacterium from drying outco
cocci
round sphear
dysbiosis
the term for microbial imbalance inside the body
enevelope
spikey lipid membrane sourring some virues
germ stain
staining technique used to classify bacteria into one of the two grouos
microbe
microsopic organsims including bacteria viruses fungi
microbiota
microbes within an indiviaul micorbial commuintty in the gut
mircobiome
full complemtn of microbes bacteria viruse fungi and archea living on the human body
mycobiome
the community of fungi living on and in the human body
pathogen
disease-causing microorganism
peptidoglycan
substance in a bacteria cell wall is used to help identify bacteria as being gram-negative or positive
pill
small hair like that allows bacteria to attach to other cells
plasmids
small loops of bacteria DNA that allow DNA to be transferred from one bacterium to another
portal of entry
pathway by which infectious organisms gain access to the body
prebiotic
food containing indigestible fibers that nourish that feed healthy bacteria in the gut
probiotic
a supplement containing beneficial live bacteria taken to help seed the gut with healthy microbes
spirilla
spiral shaped bacteria
virus
ultramicroscopic pathogen consisting of nucleic acid within a protein shell
