Unit 13 Flashcards
What year did the rock revolution end?
The early 1970s
The business of rock
In the 1970s, some artists began to make commercial success their priority, such as Elton John. There was more money to be made from rock, but also more to be lost, so the rebellious values were toned down
Cross-marketing
The practice of using media in tandem so that each helps promote the other. The practice began in the early 1970s, when rock bands toured to promote a newly released recording.
How did 1970s rock have a theatrical aspect?
Performances were more about show than sound, groups focused on costumes, makeup, etc.
Cassette players
Became popular in the 1970s, with the first walkman being produced in 1979. These devices made listeners’ recordings very accessible, and made it possible for consumers to use blank tapes to assemble their own playlists.
AOR (album oriented radio)
A type of FM radio format that emphasized a restricted playlist. Disc jockeys could no longer choose the songs they played- program directors selected a limited number of songs designed to attract a broad audience while offending as few as possible. This showed the impact of big business mindset.
What year did the Beatles break up?
1970- this event symbolized the fragmentation of the new mainstream of the rock era. Each of the band members went their own way, with Paul McCartney becoming the most commercially successful.
How did rock change in the 1970s?
Rock in the 70s was “more”- rock became more diverse, rhythms were more free and more powerful, bands used more powerful amplification and more instruments.
Elton John
White rock artist, known for his costumes and extroverted performing style. His is also known for his musical flexibility (he has performed many genres) and his career longevity (he is still an active performer).
When did Elton John release his first hits?
“Your song” was released in 1970.
What year did the Who come together?
1964, their first hits were released in 1966
The Who
White British rock band. Their early hits were ironic and were about being young. They were a powerhouse band that had a heavy bass sound and were strongly influenced by 1960s rhythm and blues
Synthesizers
A family of electronic instruments in which sounds are produced electronically, either by generating a waveform within the machine or by digitally recording acoustic sounds (e.g., the tones of a piano). Most, but not all, synthesizers are operated by a keyboard.
When were synthesizers produced?
1970, but the first synthesizer that was flexible enough to be used in live performance was released in 1971
Alan Pearlman
Founded ARP instruments to produce synthesizers in 1970
Which was one of the first bands to use a synthesizer?
The Who- used to give “Won’t Get Fooled Again” (1971) its rhythmic energy
Led Zeppelin
A British band known for heavy metal, but also had blues influences and were involved in many types of music. Established “extremes” in their music- the vocalist sang much higher than many males and many female vocalists, for example. Fans enjoyed the unrestrained power and subtle artistry of their music.
When was Led Zeppelin’s first album released?
1969
Robert Plant
The vocalist of Led Zeppelin, had a high pitched voice
Jimmy Page
The guitarist of Led Zeppelin
John Paul Jones
Bassist of Led Zeppelin
Heavy metal
A hard rock substyle that took place in the late 1960s, peaked in the early 1970s, then had a resurgence in the 1980s and beyond
What are notable features of heavy metal (5)?
- Extreme distortion
- Use of power chords
- High ratio of instrumental to vocal sections- guitar solos are common
- Lyrics reflect adolescent, often male, preoccupations
- Elaborate stage shows
How was heavy metal music different from hard rock music at the time?
Power and craft were heavy metal’s outstanding qualities. Distortion, amplification, and power chords were used by hard rock bands as well, but heavy metal bands amplified these features to give them more impact (used more distortion, played more loudly). Some didn’t use traditional harmony.
What mood did most heavy metal music evoke?
Heavy metal music evoked supernatural/paranormal power. Metal bands projected masculine power- performers had long hair, wore makeup, and sing higher pitched than women without fear of seeming less masculine
How did heavy metal music master craft?
Heavy metal performers studied classical music, and adapted these patterns to rock, then juxtaposed them with elemental musical material. Performers were very good at their instruments, and heavy metal was known as rock’s most virtuosic substyle.
