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Biology > Unit 11 Circulation > Flashcards

Unit 11 Circulation Flashcards

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1
Q

The system of blood and the structures through which it passes is known as the

A

Circulatory System

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2
Q

system blood is contained in blood vessels part of time, hemocoel is present, where blood leaves blood vessels

A

open circulatory system

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3
Q

system where blood is contained in blood vessels at all times

A

Closed circulatory System

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4
Q

Which one of the following organisms has a closed circulatory system?

A

earthworm

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5
Q

Which one of the following organisms has an open circulatory system?

A

grasshopper

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6
Q

Which organism above has 5 aortic arches and a dorsal and ventral blood vessel?

A

earthworm

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7
Q

Annelids, and animals with backbones, known as

A

vertebrates (closed circulatory system)

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8
Q

Define and give an example of an animal with a single loop system

A

circulatory system that delivers blood heart to gills

Ex. Fish

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9
Q

Define and give an example of an animal with a double loop system

A

circulatory system with two circuits/loops pump to lung and blood pumped to rest of the body
Ex. Mammals

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10
Q

Two chambered hearts are found in

A

fish

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11
Q

three chambered hearts are present in

A

amphibians and ceptilles

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12
Q

In the circulatory system, the pump is a

A

heart

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13
Q

In the circulatory system, the liquid is called the

A

blood

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14
Q

The largest blood vessels in the body that are under high pressure are

A

arteries

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15
Q

The largest of these is called the what and leaves the heart to deliver oxygenated blood to the body.

A

aorta

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16
Q

The smallest blood vessels through which gas exchange (O2 and CO2) occurs are known as

A

capillaries

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17
Q

Blood vessels that have valves to prevent backflow of blood are

A

veins

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18
Q

A healthy human heart at rest will beat approximately

A

70 per minute

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19
Q

Blood helps regulate body temperature and fight infections.

A

true

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20
Q

Plasma is about 50 percent water.

A

false 90

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21
Q

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen.

A

true

22
Q

White blood cells are responsible for blood clotting.

A

false platelets cells

23
Q

Which type of blood cell carries oxygen and contains hemoglobin?

A

RBC

24
Q

Which blood cells help fight infection?

A

WBC

25
Q

Of the 3 types of blood cells, which type is found in the greatest number?

A

RBC

26
Q

Which type of blood cell is normally the lowest in number in a healthy individual?

A

WBC

27
Q

In a normal blood sample, the % of the sample that makes up plasma is

A

55%

28
Q

while the % of blood cells is_____.

A

45%

29
Q

90% of plasma is made up of what, with dissolved proteins, nutrients, salts,

A

H20 WATER

30
Q

The instrument used to measure blood pressure is known as a blood pressure cuff or

A

sphygmomanometer

31
Q

The average adult blood pressure is

A

120/80

32
Q

The top number reflects the

A

systolic

33
Q

the bottom number reflects the

A

diastolic

34
Q

A medical term used to describe high blood pressure is

A

hypertension

35
Q

List 3 ways one can reduce high blood pressure

A

reduce stress
stop smoking
exercise regular
lower in salt take

36
Q

An EKG, or electrocardiogram is a test used to measure the

A

electrical activity of the heart

37
Q

The human heartbeat starts in the right atrium, where the

A

pacemaker or SA node is located

38
Q

If one has an irregular heartbeat, an artificial

A

pacemaker

39
Q

What was the (part of the brain stem) controls the heartbeat rate in humans.

A

Medulla Oblongata

40
Q

The four chambers of the human heart include two

A

atria and ventricles

41
Q

The what has the thickest muscle wall because it must pump blood against gravity and to all parts of the body.

A

left ventricle

42
Q

The what divides the two lower chambers of the heart and prevents blood from mixing

A

septum

43
Q

the what side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the

A

right

44
Q

while the left side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the

A

body

45
Q

The what arteries, on the outside of the heart, supply the heart muscle itself with

needed oxygen and nutrients.

A

coronary

46
Q

If one of these arteries becomes blocked, this results in a

A

heart attack

47
Q

plaque builds up in artery walls

A

atherosclerosis

48
Q

blood supply to the brain is interrupted

A

stroke

49
Q

also called hypertension

A

high blood pressure

50
Q

heart muscle cells die from lack of oxygen

A

heart attack

Biology (8 decks)

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