Semester 2 Final

Question 1

The science of classification is called

Answer 1

Taxonomy

Question 2

The Swedish botanist, Linneaus set up the 2-name naming system used in classification, known as

Answer 2

binomal

Question 3

List the correct order of the seven taxa, from most general to most specific

Answer 3

Kingdom
Phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 4

An organism’s scientific name is made up of the

Answer 4

genus and species

Question 5

Write the correct 2-name, scientific name for humans

Answer 5

homo sapiens

Question 6

The scientific name for a house cat is Felis catus. Felis is the

Answer 6

genus name

Question 7

the 6 kingdoms include

Answer 7

Protista, fungi, animalia, plantae, Eubacteria, archaebacteria

Question 8

Animals without backbones are classified as

Answer 8

invertebrates

Question 9

Animals that have an exoskeleton made of chitin are in the Phylum

Answer 9

arthropoda

Question 10

Animals with radial symmetry and a water-vascular system are in the Phylum

Answer 10

Echinodermata

Question 11

Earthworms belong to the Phylum what and are hermaphrodites with hydrostatic skeletons

Answer 11

Anneida

Question 12

Name 2 Kingdoms whose members are prokaryotic

Answer 12

eubacteria and archaebacteria

Question 13

Name the 4 Kingdoms whose members are all eukaryotic

Answer 13

plantae, animalia, fungi, protista

Question 14

Flowering plants can be classified into two groups

Answer 14

monocots or dicots

Question 15

Plants with scattered vascular bundles in stem and long thin leaves with parallel veins are known as

Answer 15

monocots

Question 16

Corn is a

Answer 16

monocots

Question 17

soybeans/beans are classified as

Answer 17

dicots

Question 18

what have vascular bundles in rings in their stems and broad leaves with netted veins

Answer 18

dicots

Question 19

Two types of conducting tissues in plants are

Answer 19

xylem and phloem

Question 20

conducts water and minerals; makes up the wood of roots and stems

Answer 20

xylem

Question 21

conducts food (glucose) in both ways in a plant

Answer 21

phloem

Question 22

Define transpiration and how it occurs in plants

Answer 22

loss of water from leaves through stomata

Question 23

Transpiration is controlled by two

Answer 23

guard

Question 24

cells that regulate the opening of the

Answer 24

stoma

Question 25

Photosynthesis occurs mostly in the

Answer 25

palisade layer of leaves

Question 26

Energy for photosynthesis ultimately comes from the

Answer 26

sun and is made up of many wavelengths

Question 27

This energy is known as radiant energy and is changed into chemical bond energy by the what pigment found in chloroplasts within the cell

Answer 27

chlorophyll

Question 28

In photosynthesis, CO2 + H2O yields glucose +

Answer 28

oxygen (02)

Question 29

reaction-energy is used to split water and make ATP

Answer 29

light

Question 30

reaction-carbon dioxide combines with hydrogen and uses energy from ATP to make glucose

Answer 30

dark

Question 31

the process of breaking apart food both chemically and physically and then absorbing nutrients

Answer 31

digestion

Question 32

Chemical digestion is aided by proteins called

Answer 32

enzymes

Question 33

Six Basic Nutrients Needed by the Human Body

Answer 33

water, vitamins, minerals, fats, carbohydrates, proteins

Question 34

Four Basic food groups

Answer 34

grains/breads, meats/poultry, fats/oils, fruits/veggies

Question 35

the movement of food through the digestive tract

Answer 35

peristalsis

Question 36

Define alimentary canal

Answer 36

digestive tract

Question 37

Path of food through the alimentary canal

Answer 37

Mouth, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, large intestine, Rectum, Anus

Question 38

Carbohydrates are chemically broken down into

Answer 38

glucose

Question 39

proteins are broken down into

Answer 39

amino acids

Question 40

fats are broken down into

Answer 40

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 41

Salivary Glands - produce

Answer 41

saliva that contains an enzyme called salivary acids

Question 42

The liver produces

Answer 42

bile and the all bladder stores it

Question 43

The pancreas produces

Answer 43

enzymes to digest starch, fat and protein

Question 44

small finger-like structures that increase the surface area of the small intestine to increase absorption

Answer 44

VILLI

Question 45

chemically breaks down and absorbs foods

Answer 45

small intestine

Question 46

absorbs water and sends undigested waste to the rectum

Answer 46

large intestine

Question 47

Which is more advanced, a one way or two way digestive tract?

Answer 47

one way bc we humans have it

Question 48

Do humans have a one-way or two-way digestive system?

Answer 48

one way

Question 49

Diseases such as scurvy can result from vitamin deficiencies

Answer 49

true

Question 50

Calcium is essential for bones and teeth

Answer 50

true

Question 51

Iron is important in the production of hemoglobin found in red blood cells

Answer 51

true

Question 52

An iodine deficiency can result in a goiter

Answer 52

true

Question 53

Rickets or weak/bowed bones results from a vitamin D deficiency

Answer 53

true

Question 54

Define a calorie

Answer 54

amount of energy necessary to raise 1 gram of h20

Question 55

Which food type has the greatest number of calories per gram? (fat, carbohydrate or protein?)

Answer 55

fat 8 cal/g

Question 56

Name one part of the human digestive tract where no chemical digestion occurs

Answer 56

esophagus

Question 57

Where does chemical digestion begin?

Answer 57

mouth, Starches in the mouth are broken down by the enzyme

Question 58

the what connects the mouth to the stomach

Answer 58

pharynix

Question 59

a series of alternating muscle contractions and relaxations that move food along the digestive tract

Answer 59

peristalsis

Question 60

the what produces bile?

Answer 60

liver

Question 61

the what stores bile?

Answer 61

``` gallbladder, which is needed to emulsify fats (break them down into smaller globules of fat) ```

Question 62

Most chemical digestion and absorption occurs in the

Answer 62

small intestine

Question 63

Fish - ____ chambers

Answer 63

2

Question 64

Amphibians and reptiles - ____ chambers

Answer 64

3

Question 65

Birds and mammals - _______ chambers

Answer 65

4

Question 66

are vessels that carry blood away from the heart and must withstand high pressure and be flexible

Answer 66

arteries

Question 67

are vessels that carry blood toward the heart and have valves

Answer 67

veins

Question 68

site of exchange between blood and tissues

Answer 68

capillaries

Question 69

Name the 2 chambers that deliver blood to the 2 ventricles in the human heart

Answer 69

right atrium and left atrium

Question 70

Describe pulmonary circulation

Answer 70

circulation between heart lungs

Question 71

Describe systemic circulation

Answer 71

circulation between heart and body

Question 72

the term used to describe when the heart is contracted

Answer 72

systole

Question 73

A normal blood pressure in an adult is

Answer 73

120/80 and measured by sphygmomanometer

Question 74

What part of the brain controls both heartbeat and breathing rate?

Answer 74

pace maker

Question 75

The filtration units in the kidneys are called

Answer 75

neurons

Question 76

Substances that are filtered out and end up in urine include

Answer 76

urea, salts, amino acid

Question 77

Substances that are too large to be filtered out include blood cells and

Answer 77

proteins

Question 78

During reabsorption, substances such as water, salt and

Answer 78

sugar will be taken back into the blood stream