Unit 10 - Personality Flashcards

1
Q

An assessment technique in which the task is to
sort a group of statements, usually in perceived rank order ranging from most to least descriptive

A

Q-Sort Technique

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2
Q

Aspects of the focus of exploration such as the
time frame (the past, present, or future) as well as other contextual issues that involve people, places, and events

A

Frame of reference

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3
Q

observer notes the presence/ intensity of targeted behaviors

A

Behavior rating scale

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4
Q

a narrative description of the extent to which a person has demonstrated certain personality traits, states, or types

A

Personality profile

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5
Q

Employs cartoons depicting frustrating situations

A

Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study

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6
Q

observation of a person in an environment designed to increase the chance that the assessor can observe targeted behaviors and interactions

A

Analogue behavioral observation

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7
Q

research investigation in which one or more variables are similar or analogous to the real variable that the investigator wishes to examine

A

Analogue study

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8
Q

Procedure that allows for observation and
evaluation of an individual under a standard set of circumstances

A

Situational performance measure

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9
Q

Response styles can affect the validity of the outcome and can be countered through the use of

A

a validity scale

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10
Q

guiding principles to help one attain some objective (example: honesty and ambition)

A

Instrumental value

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11
Q

Criticisms in Projective Methods

A

Projective stimulus is only one aspect of the total
stimulus situation
o Stimulus material may not be as ambiguous and
amenable to projection
o Some assumptions are cherished beliefs
accepted without the support of research validation

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12
Q

a test taker’s responses and the presumed strength of a measured trait are interpreted relative to the strength of that trait in a sample of a larger population

A

Normative approach

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13
Q

Methods for Recording Frequency and Intensity of Target Behavior

A

Timeline followback (TLFB) methodology:

Ecological momentary assessment:

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14
Q

assessee produces a drawing that is analyzed on the basis of its content and related variables
o Various characteristics of the drawing and that of the individual drawn are formally evaluated in Draw A Person (D A P) test

A

Figure drawing test

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15
Q

The measurement and evaluation of psychological traits, states, values, interests, attitudes, worldview, acculturation, sense of humor, cognitive and behavioral styles, and/or related individual characteristics

A

Personality assessment

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16
Q

guiding principles and a mode of behavior that is an endpoint objective (example: a comfortable life and a sense of accomplishment)

A

Terminal values

17
Q

A test taker’s responses and the presumed strength of measured traits are interpreted relative to the strength of measured traits for that same individual

A

Ipsative approach

18
Q

an individual’s unique constellation of psychological traits that is relatively stable over time

A

Personality

19
Q

a tendency to respond to a test item or interview question in some characteristic manner regardless of the content of the item or question

A

Response style

20
Q

an ongoing process by which an individual’s thoughts, behaviors, values, worldview, and identity develop in relation to the thinking, behavior, customs, and values of a particular cultural group

A

Acculturation

21
Q

assessees’ unique way of interpreting their perceptions as a result of their experiences, cultural background, and related variables

22
Q

helps learn about the examinee in relation to his/her family in the form of examinee verbalizations while the drawing is being executed

A

Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD)

23
Q

the transitory exhibition of some personality trait, a relatively temporary predisposition

A

Personality state

24
Q

the degree to which a person has different self-concepts in different roles

A

Self-concept differentiation

25
characterized by efforts to learn how a limited number of personality traits can be applied to all people
Nomothetic approach
26
Assumptions in Projective Methods
More ambiguous the stimuli, the more subjects reveal about their personality o Projective stimuli evoke responses that are idiosyncratic in nature o Ambiguous nature of a task and its results are less subject to faking
27
possible changes in an assessee's behavior, thinking, or performance that may arise in response to being observed, assessed, or evaluated
Reactivity
28
30 picture cards contain a variety of scenes that present the testtaker with "certain classical human situations”
Thematic Apperception Test
29
a subscale of a test designed to assist in judgments regarding how honestly the test taker responded and whether responses were products of response style, carelessness, deception, or misunderstanding
Validity scale
30
characterized by efforts to learn about each individual’s unique constellation of personality traits
Idiographic approach
31
behavioral rating may be excessively positive or negative because a prior rating was excessively negative or positive
Contrast effect
32
Assessors can affirm the accuracy of self-reported information by consulting external sources such as
peer raters (or collateral sources)
33
the idea that an individual supplies structure to unstructured stimuli in a manner consistent with the individual' s own unique pattern of conscious and unconscious needs, fears, desires, impulses, conflicts, and ways of perceiving and responding
Projective hypothesis
34
the process of using criterion groups to develop test items
Empirical criterion keying
35
John Holland developed
Self-Directed Search test, a self-administered and self-scored aid to offer vocational assistance