Unit 1 Flashcards
Process of measuring psychology- related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior.
psychological testing
The gathering and integration of psychology-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation that is accomplished through the use of tools
psychological assessment
the term used to refer to everything from the administration of a test
testing
Differentiate pysych testing and assessment
Testing
- Measuring variables thru procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior.
Assessment
- To answer a referral question
What are the objectives of testing and assessment
Testing
- to obtain scores (w/ regard to an ability or attitude)
Assessment
- to answer a referral question
What are the process of testing and assessment
Testing
- either individualized or by group
Assessment
- individualized only (bc behavior is data)
What are the role of evaluator of testing and assessment
Testing
- may be substituted w/o affecting the evaluation
- tester is not key to the process
Assessment
- assessor is key to the process
What are the skill of evaluator of testing and assessment
Testing
- technician-like skills such as scoring, adminstering, and interpreting of test result
Assessment
- requires to have some experience or training (in evaluation, and thoughtful organization and integration of data.)
What are the outcomes of testing and assessment
Testing
- yields a score or series of test scores
Assessment
- entails a logical problem-solving approach that sheds a light on referral questions
What assessment helps individuals understand and solve their problems
Therapeutic psychological assessment
What assessment refers to the use of tests and other tools to evaluate abilities and skills relevant to success or failure in a school or preschool context
Educational assessment
The use of evaluative tools to draw conclusions about psychological aspects of a person as they existed at some point in time prior to the assessment.
Retrospective assessment
The use of tools of psychological evaluation to gather data and draw conclusions about a subject who is not in physical proximity to the person or people conducting the evaluation
Remote assessment
“In the moment” evaluation of specific problems and related cognitive and behavioral variables at the exact time and place that they occur
Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA)
Reconstruction of a deceased individual’s psychological profile on the basis of archival records, artifacts, and interviews previously conducted with the deceased assessee or people who know them
Psychological autopsy
5 Objectives of Psych Assessment
Diagnosis, Etiology, Prognosis, Treatment, Functional Impairment
What objective of Psych Assessment is this?
What’s the problem? (Identify)
Diagnosis
What objective of Psych Assessment is this?
Cause / Origin
When did it start? What triggers the problem?
Etiology
What objective of Psych Assessment is this?
Trajectory / Outcome / Prediction
Prognosis
What objective of Psych Assessment is this?
Ano ang gagawin sa problema?
What can you recommend to solve the problem?
Trial and error
Treatment
What objective of Psych Assessment is this?
Gaano kalala ang problema?
Identifying your level of functioning
Functional Impairment
What is the process of assessment
Referral Question - Clarification for approval - Formal Assessment - Psychological Report Writing - Feedback
What are the requirements of Psychological assessment
Problem identification
Selection and implementation methods
Integration
Psychological report
The assessor and assessee may work as “partners” from initial contact through final feedback
Collaborative Psychological Assessment
The results are not revealed at the end, but shared immediately so that both the assessor and the assessee can co-develop an interpretation of the results and decide what questions require further assessment
Therapeutic psychological assessment
self-discovery and new understandings are encouraged throughout the assessment process
Therapeutic psychological assessment
An interactive approach to psychological assessment that usually follows a model of
(1) Evaluation
(2) Intervention
(3) Evaluation
Dynamic Assessment
Tools of Psychological Assessment
Test, Interview, Portfolio, Case History Data, Behavioral Observation, Role-Play Test, Computer as Tools
Simply a measuring device or procedure
Test
Refers to a device of procedure designed to measure variables related to psychology (such as intelligence, personality, aptitude, interests, attitudes, or values)
Psychological Test
The subject matter of the test varies with the focus of the particular
Content
Form, plan, structure, arrangement, and layout of test items
Format
Refers to the form in which a test is administered
Format
Administration Procedures
Some tests, particularly those designed for administration on a one-to-one basis, may require an active and knowledgeable test administrator
Some tests, particularly those designed for administration to groups, may not even require the test administrator to be present while the test takers independently complete the required tasks
Code or summary statement, often numerical in nature (but not necessarily)
Score
Reflects an evaluation of performance on a test, task, interview, or some other sample of behavior
Score
Process of assigning such evaluative codes or statements to performance on tests, tasks, interviews, or other behavior samples
Scoring
Reference point, usually numerical, derived by judgment and used to divide a set of data in two to or more classifications
Cut score
Science of psychological measurement
Psychometrics
Measurement that is psychological in nature
Psychometric
The test measures what it intends to measure
Validity
Consistency
Reliability
Usefulness of a test or practical value
Utility
Method of gathering information through direct communication involving reciprocal exchange
Interview
Compilation of works done by the individual being assessed
Portfolio
Refers to records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial, or other form that preserve archival information accounts, and other data and items relevant to an assessee
Case History Data
Can shed light on an individual’s past and current adjustment as well as on the events and circumstances that may have contributed to any changes in adjustment
Case History Data
A report or illustrative account concerning a person or an event that was compiled on the basis of case history data
Case Study
Monitoring the actions of others or oneself by visual or electronic means while recording quantitative and/or qualitative information regarding those actions
Behavioral Observation
Researchers observe behavior of humans in a natural setting—that is, the setting in which the behavior would typically be expected to occur
Naturalistic Observation
Improvised or partially improvised in a simulated situation
Role Play Test
What form of report is this?
A mere listing of a score or scores
Raw score
Simple scoring
What form of report is this?
Includes statistical analyses of the test taker’s performance
Extended Scoring Report
What form of report is this?
Distinguished by its inclusion of numerical or narrative interpretive statements in the report
Interpretative report
What form of report is this?
Usually written in language appropriate for communication between assessment professionals that may provide expert opinion concerning analysis of the data
Consultative report
What form of report is this?
Designed to integrate data from sources other than the test itself into the interpretive report
Integrative report
What form of report is this?
Will employ previously collected data (such as medication records or behavioral observation data) into the test report
Integrative report
Creates tests for research studies, publications (as commercially available instruments), or modifications of existing tests
Test developer
Those who purchase and use tests
Test user
T/F: Test user must be qualified and permitted to purchase
Trueee
Anyone who is the subject of an assessment or an evaluation can be a testtaker or an assessee
Test taker
Refers to the form or sheet or booklet on which a test taker’s responses are entered
Protocol
Working relationship between the examiner and the examinee
Rapport
Adaptation of a test, procedure, or situation
Accomodation
Evaluative/diagnostic procedure / process
Alternate Assessment
- Distributed by the publisher of the text
- Usually contain only a brief description of the text and seldom contain the kind of detailed technical information that a prospective user might require
- Objective is to sell the text
Test catalogs
- Contains detailed information concerning the test’s development and technical information
- Can be purchased from publisher
- Typically require documentation of professional training before filing an order
Test manuals
Contain reviews of the test, updated or independent studies of its psychometric soundness, examples of how the instrument was used
Journal articles
protocol may also be termed as
description of a set of test- OR assessment-related procedures
Synonymous with the antiquated term psychometry,
psychometrics
How consistently and how accurately a psychological
test measures what it purports to measure
psychometric soundness / technical quality
A therapeutic dialogue that combines person- centered listening skills such as openness and empathy, with the use of cognition-altering techniques designed to positively affect motivation and effect therapeutic change
motivational interviewing
May include files or excerpts from files maintained at institutions and agencies such as schools, hospitals, employers, religious institutions, and criminal justice agencies
case history data
Arises as a result of the varied forces that drive decision-makers to reach a consensus (such as the motivation to reach a compromise in positions)
groupthink
Computer’s ability to tailor the test to the test taker’s ability or test taking pattern
Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT)
another way a computerized test could be programmed to adapt is by providing the testtaker with [..] a the test proceeds
score feedback
Allows test users to administer tests by means of
two iPads connected by Bluetooth
Q-interactive
Assistance computers provide to the test user, NOT
the testtaker
Computer-Assisted psychological assessment (CAPA)
One issue of Internet Testing
Test-Client Integrity
To obtain measures of bodily reactions to various
sorts of stimuli
Biofeedback equipment
Measure male sexual arousal
Penile Plethysmograph
a description or conclusion reached on
the basis of evidence and opinion
diagnosis
Refers to a tool of assessment used to help narrow
down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for
intervention
diagnostic test
A typically non-systematic assessment that leads to
the formation of an opinion or attitude
informal evaluation
Extent to which assessees are enjoying as good a
quality of life as possible
geriatric settings
Diploma to recognize excellence in the practice of
psychology
American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP)
Diploma on the basis of an examination to test users,
test developers, and others who have distinguished
themselves in the field of testing and assessment
American Board of Assessment Psychology (ABAP)
An evaluative or diagnostic procedure or process that
varies from the usual, customary, or standardized
way a measurement is derived, either by virtue of
some special accommodation made to the assessee
or by means of alternative methods designed to
measure the same variable(s)
alternante assessment
The adaptation of a test, procedure, or situation, or
the substitution of one test for another to make the
assessment more suitable for an assessee with
exceptional needs
accommodation
