Unit 10

Question 1

Freuds theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts

Answer 1

Psychoanalysis

Question 2

According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings and memories

Answer 2

Unconscious

Question 3

A reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives

Answer 3

Id

Question 4

The largely conscious, “executive” part of personality that according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality

Answer 4

Ego

Question 5

The part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standard for judgement and for future aspirations

Answer 5

Superego

Question 6

The childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital).

Answer 6

Psychosexual stages

Question 7

A boys sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father

Answer 7

Oedipus complex

Question 8

Children incorporate their parents’ values into their developing superegos

Answer 8

Identification

Question 9

A lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an early psychosexual stage

Answer 9

Fixation

Question 10

In psychoanalytic theory, the egos protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Answer 10

Defense mechanism

Question 11

The basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories

Answer 11

Repression

Question 12

Modern-day approaches that view personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences

Answer 12

Psychodynamic theories

Question 13

Carl Jungs concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species’ history

Answer 13

Collective unconscious

Question 14

A personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli destined to trigger projection of ones inner dynamics

Answer 14

Projective test

Question 15

A projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

Answer 15

TAT

Question 16

The most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots; seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations

Answer 16

Rorschach inkblots test

Question 17

The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and our behaviors

Answer 17

False consensus effect

Question 18

A theory of death-related anxiety; explores people’s emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death

Answer 18

Terror-management theory

Question 19

in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.

Answer 19

Free association

Question 20

View personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth

Answer 20

Humanistic theories

Question 21

One of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved

Answer 21

Self-actualization

Question 22

An attitude of total acceptance toward another person

Answer 22

Unconditional positive regard

Question 23

All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves

Answer 23

Self concept

Question 24

A characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act

Answer 24

Trait

Question 25

A questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors

Answer 25

Personality inventory

Question 26

Originally developed to identify emotional disorders considered its most appropriate

Answer 26

MMPI

Question 27

A test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups

Answer 27

Empirically derived test