Unit 10 Flashcards
Theory of Instinct- Charles Darwin
innate behavior(complex action- making beehive), survival and reproduction, individual differences, cultural differences
Theory of drive
Homeostasis ( go to bed when you are tired), Threshold, deficits, decreasing tensions
Limitations
- hunger motivation: cues (on your 5 senses), time (eating habits), location, overeating (availability, diversity, sizes), short-term appetite (glucostatic hypothesis, hypothalamus, stomach distention, food preferences), long-term energy balance (ghrelin- appetite stimulator), leptin(appetite suppressor),
Set point theory
- size of fat cells, rises with age, biologically determined
Sexual Motivation
- physiological and psychological - are linked
Testosterone- men have 10x more than women
Oxytocin- women have 10x more than men. Drops during menopause
Sexual Selection
Men - a primal need to spread genes, tend to experience higher arousal with more “hormonal” mates (such as larger breasts, wider hips, body fat), less likely to care for children without their own bloodline
Women - a primal need to invest in limited offspring, don’t compete for males, picky about genetics and resources in mates
Sexual orientation Kinsey scale
Kinsey’s scale argues that most people are somewhat bisexual and orientation is a spectrum instead of black and white categories
Self determination Ryan and Deci Innate
autonomy - starts in childhood and strengthens with age, becomes POWER- do things on your own
competence - wanting to show people you are capable, becomes ACHIEVEMENT
relatedness - wanting to feel connected, becomes INTIMACY
Power Motivation
influential - the good vs. evil
competitive - only care about outcome and reception, not about the process
inspirational- want to be worshipped
civic engagement - wanting to be recognized and praised
Achievement motivation
standards of excellence - tasks, self-competition, competition with others
achievement motivated - moderate challenge, feedback, personal responsibility
Self-actualization- Maslow
primary focus: security and safety
secondary focus: self-esteem and belonging
peak focus: self-actualization
if you have all 3, you have transcended into the highest sense of conscience
Primary emotions
Paul Ekman
-facial expression, culture, motivation
Anger
obstacles to success, gaining power and control, the theme of heat and temperature
Contempt
judging others as inferior, maintain social hierarchy, not blocking your goal.
Disgust
repulsion, contamination, adaptive, might feel nauseous, can turn into fear response
