Unit 1: Topic 7 - Causation in Period 1 Flashcards
Causation in Period 1
What foods/resources made it possible for different native societies to exist?
Three Sisters - Corn, Beans, and Squash.
Corn was useful as it provided starches, beans provided protein, and squash provided vitamins.
These foods helped in filling the nutrition of indigenous people, and as a result, they led to population growth.
Since they weren’t actively looking for food anymore and had more free time, they were able to specialize in other careers, such as artisans and soldiers.
Others were hunter-gatherers and relied on animals.
Who were the first people to inhabit North and South America?
The first people to inhabit North and South America came across The Bering Land Bridge, which connected Eurasia and North America. Nomadic Asian hunters came across the bridge looking for big animals such as woolly mammoths and saber-tooth tigers.
Give an example of native societies adapting to their environment.
Native American religion was very connected with nature since they benefitted from it. As a result, they adapted to their environment and developed a belief in animalism based on their relationship.
Animism is the belief that plants and animals have a spiritual essence. This belief would cause conflict with Europeans who believe in one God and Jesus.
What were the three main reasons for European expansion into Western Hemisphere?
Acronym to remember 3 G’s: Gold, Glory, God
Gold: European wanted new sources of wealth (trade with Asia).
Glory: After Christopher Columbus, other European societies also went on voyages to gain power & status. Especially after they saw how Porutgaul benefitted from its colonies by acquiring enslaved peoples and gold.
God: Some European societies also went to the Western Hemisphere to convert the native
population to Christianity
What was the Columbian Exchange?
It is a term that describes the flow of ideas, people, plants, animals, technology, and diseases when Columbus discovered the New World.
Few examples of exchange:
From New World to Old World: Squash, Corn, Potato, Tobacco, Pineapple, and Pumpkin.
From Old World to New World: Banana, Olive, Grape, and Livestock: Cattle, Pig and Horse, and Diseases: Smallpox and Influenza.
What were some of the effects of the Columbian Exchange?
Horses from Europe dramatically altered the lives of the Natives by changing their methods of hunting, warfare, modes of travel, and standards of wealth and prestige.
Diseases from Europe, such as smallpox, led to a massive population decline in Native societies due to a lack of immunity to European diseases.
Maize/corn from America led to a population increase in Europe.
Gold and silver extracted from the Americas created enough surplus to allow for the development of capitalism in Europe and China, which facilitated a global trading network.
Give some examples of the different views that Natives and Europeans had regarding issues such as religion, gender roles, family, land use, and power.
Some examples include their view on land:
For Natives, the land was for common use, and regarded it as a source of life, not as a commodity to be sold.
On the other hand, Europeans believed that the land should be tamed and should be bought and sold.
Different views on gender roles:
For Natives, the gender roles were fluid, and the men and women did somewhat equal jobs.
For Europeans, men and women had very specific roles, and they believed in patriarchy. Men generally did most of the field labor and herded livestock, and women took care of children and household labor.
