Unit 1 - Topic 2 - Proteins - Section A - The proteome Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the proteome?

A

The proteome is the entire set of proteins expressed by a genome

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2
Q

Why is the proteome larger than the number of genes?

A

The proteome is larger than the number of genes, particularly in eukaryotes, because more than one protein can be produced from a single gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing

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3
Q

What are genes that do not code for proteins called and what do they do

A

Genes that do not code for proteins are called non-coding RNA genes and include those that are transcribed to produce tRNA, rRNA, and RNA molecules that control the expression of other genes

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4
Q

What are factors affecting the set of proteins expressed in a given cell type

A

The metabolic activity of the cell, cellular stress, the response to signalling molecules, and diseased versus healthy cells.

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