Unit 1 - Topic 2 - Proteins - Section A - The proteome Flashcards
What is the proteome?
The proteome is the entire set of proteins expressed by a genome
Why is the proteome larger than the number of genes?
The proteome is larger than the number of genes, particularly in eukaryotes, because more than one protein can be produced from a single gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing
What are genes that do not code for proteins called and what do they do
Genes that do not code for proteins are called non-coding RNA genes and include those that are transcribed to produce tRNA, rRNA, and RNA molecules that control the expression of other genes
What are factors affecting the set of proteins expressed in a given cell type
The metabolic activity of the cell, cellular stress, the response to signalling molecules, and diseased versus healthy cells.