Unit 1 Science Vocab Flashcards
Atom
the basic unit of matter that makes up everything.
Electron
a negatively charged particle found outside of the nucleus in the electron cloud
Proton
a positively charged particle found inside an atom’s nucleus
Neutron
a particle found inside an atom’s nucleus with no charge
Nucleus
the central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
Electron cloud
the area around the nucleus of an atom where electrons live
Subatomic particle
a particle that is smaller and an atom (i.e. proton, neutron, electron)
Charge
the amount of electrons and protons in an atom which determine whether the atom is positive or negative
Energy level
the set amount of energy that an atom, molecule, electron, or nucleus can have
Valence electron
electrons located on the outermost energy level of an atom
Atomic number
the number in the corner of an element that signifies the number of protons and electrons in an atom
Atomic mass
the number at the bottom of an element that signifies the mass of an atom expressed in AMU’s (atomic mass units)
Reactivity
the measure of how readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction based on the number of valence electrons
Period
horizontal rows of the Periodic Table
Group/Family
a column (vertical rows) of the Periodic Table
Metal
a group of elements that can be described as having malleability, ductility, and high reflectivity of light
Metalloid
an element found in between the metals and non-metals. some characteristics of metalloids include low elasticity, brittle texture, and being semi-conductive
Non-metal
an element on the Periodic Table that is not a metal
Luster
metals that have the quality to reflect light from their surface
Malleability
the ability for a metal to be molded into different shapes
Conductivity
the ability of a material to conduct electricity (let heat pass through)
