Unit 1 Science Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Atom

A

the basic unit of matter that makes up everything.

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2
Q

Electron

A

a negatively charged particle found outside of the nucleus in the electron cloud

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3
Q

Proton

A

a positively charged particle found inside an atom’s nucleus

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4
Q

Neutron

A

a particle found inside an atom’s nucleus with no charge

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5
Q

Nucleus

A

the central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons

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6
Q

Electron cloud

A

the area around the nucleus of an atom where electrons live

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7
Q

Subatomic particle

A

a particle that is smaller and an atom (i.e. proton, neutron, electron)

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8
Q

Charge

A

the amount of electrons and protons in an atom which determine whether the atom is positive or negative

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9
Q

Energy level

A

the set amount of energy that an atom, molecule, electron, or nucleus can have

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10
Q

Valence electron

A

electrons located on the outermost energy level of an atom

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11
Q

Atomic number

A

the number in the corner of an element that signifies the number of protons and electrons in an atom

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12
Q

Atomic mass

A

the number at the bottom of an element that signifies the mass of an atom expressed in AMU’s (atomic mass units)

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13
Q

Reactivity

A

the measure of how readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction based on the number of valence electrons

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14
Q

Period

A

horizontal rows of the Periodic Table

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15
Q

Group/Family

A

a column (vertical rows) of the Periodic Table

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16
Q

Metal

A

a group of elements that can be described as having malleability, ductility, and high reflectivity of light

17
Q

Metalloid

A

an element found in between the metals and non-metals. some characteristics of metalloids include low elasticity, brittle texture, and being semi-conductive

18
Q

Non-metal

A

an element on the Periodic Table that is not a metal

19
Q

Luster

A

metals that have the quality to reflect light from their surface

20
Q

Malleability

A

the ability for a metal to be molded into different shapes

21
Q

Conductivity

A

the ability of a material to conduct electricity (let heat pass through)