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Grade 11 Biology > Unit 1 review sheet > Flashcards

Unit 1 review sheet Flashcards

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1
Q

Do organisms grouped in the same class have the be in the same order

A

no

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2
Q

Is it true that there’s more diversity and members of the same order compared with members of the same genus

A

yes

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3
Q

What is a saprobe (saprophyte)

A

A group of fungi that acts as decomposers

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4
Q

What is the difference between hyphae and mycelium

A

Hyphae are clusters of cells in a fungus that grow in a branch-like design; mycelium are large groups of hyphae.

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5
Q

What is the function of hyphae ad mycelium

A

They spread to other places to get more nutrients

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6
Q

Name the reproductive structure above ground in a fungus

A

mushroom

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7
Q

How are fungi useful

A

Medicine and food, cycle nutrients and decompose

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8
Q

How are fungi harmful

A

Cause disease

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9
Q

How are fungi different from plant

A

Their cell walls are made of chitin and they are heterotrophs

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10
Q

What is a symbiotic relationship

A

the organisms help each other

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11
Q

Describe an example of symbiosis with fungi

A

The Dutch Elm disease

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12
Q

States and describe 2 adaptions that plants have for living on land

A

cuticle– an outer layer that hold the water in
stoma–a small opening in the epidermis of the plant that allows gas exchange so the plant can take in small amounts of co2

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13
Q

Name and describe how a bacteria cell reproduces sexually

A

conjugation

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14
Q

Name and describe how a bacteria cell reproduces asexually

A

binary fission

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15
Q

are miosis and conjugation the same thing

A

yes

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16
Q

What is the difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycle for the reproduction of viruses

A

lytic- ends up breaking host cell

lysogenic- stays dormant then replicates and ends up lytic

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17
Q

most gram bacteria are gram positive or negative?

A

Positive

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18
Q

Why are they mostly positive in the gram test?

A

because of the thick outer layer of the peptidoglycan

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19
Q

What is a thermophilic

A

an extreme thermophile only live and thrive in warm temps

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20
Q

What is heterotrophic bacteria

A

uses organic chem. from other organism

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21
Q

What is autotrophic acidophobic

A

they assemble complex carbon molecules from simple inorganic chemicals

22
Q

What are 3 ways bacteria are helpful

A

used in food, medicine, act a decomposers, are in intestines of animals and aids in digestion

23
Q

why is it difficult to classify a virus

A

only clarify them if they have a host

24
Q

how do amoebas move

A

by extensions of cytoplasm called pseudopods

25
Q

how do ciliates move

A

have cilia, they beat and propel them through the water

26
Q

how do zooflagellates move

A

they have flagella (tails)

27
Q

most protists are single celled, why are they not classified as bacteria

A

bacteria is a prokaryote, live anywhere

and protists are eukaryotes and can be both uni and multi cellular and can only live in moist areas

28
Q

describe the 2 main methods of reproduction of protists

A

asexual - binary fission

sexual - conjugation

29
Q

what is a gymnosperm

A

is a vascular plant (like coniferous tree) that produces seeds in special structures called cones. the male cones produce and release pollen and the female comes produce eggs.

30
Q

what is a angiosperm

A

a plant that produces flowers. the (male) flower produces pollen and egg in the (female) plant parts the plant is protected in an inclosed ovary. fate fertilization, seeds from within over and outer tissues from ovary become fruit. the main function of the fruit is to protect and disperse the seeds. Angiosperm is the majority the plants

31
Q

What are the types of seeds

A

mono and di (1 ans 2) cotyledons-structer that stores nutrients

32
Q

what does ventral refer to?

A

bottom

33
Q

What does dorsal mean

A

top

34
Q

antierior is what

A

the front (where the head is)

35
Q

what does prosterior mean

A

the bottom (back end)

36
Q

what is a notochord

A

a flexible rod found in some chordates

37
Q

What is the main difference between porifera (sponge) and cnidaria (jellyfish)

A

sponges don’t have nerves and the cnidaria has nerves

38
Q

what function does the mouth have in cnidaria in addition to the ingestion of food

A

the mouth is also the anus (only have one digestive opening)

39
Q

where do sense organs and nerve cells usually concentrate in bilaterally symmetrical animals

A

spine/ near head

40
Q

What is the disadvantage of radial symmetry

A

don’t have same sensory organs and bilateral animals

41
Q

what is the main diff between flatworms and round worms

A

complete digestive systen

flatworm- has mouth and anus as one (like jellyfish)

42
Q

What does segmented mean

A

different parts that are separated

43
Q

do humans have segmented bodies

A

yes -upper and lower jaw, ribs

44
Q

why do you see earthworms after it rains

A

because its easier to travel above ground rather than below…they breathe through they bodies and when ground is wet they can still get oxygen above ground (they have to live in moist areas)

45
Q

earthworms are an example of

A

round

46
Q

define loco motion

A

moving

47
Q

give an example of flatworms

A

tape worms

48
Q

what is an endoskeleton

A

inside skeleton

49
Q

whats a exoskeleton

A

hard shell on outer body

50
Q

list the features that all animals have in common

A

heterotrophs, sexual reproduction, breathe oxygen, motile

Grade 11 Biology (8 decks)

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