Unit 1 - prologue

Question 1

The three attitudes that make up The Scientific Attitude

Answer 1

1. Curiosity (does it work?)
2. Skepticism (what do you mean? how do you know?)
3. Humility (that was unexpected!)

Question 2

critical thinking

Answer 2

examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, evaluates evidence, etc…

Question 3

What is psychology?

Answer 3

The science of behavior and mental processes

Question 4

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 4

Sought to measure atoms of the mind

Question 5

Edward Bradford Titchner (and the influencer of Wundt)

Answer 5

• Structuralism: engaged people in self reflective introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind
• Found to be unreliable
• Required that people were smart, verbal, and it was individualistic

Question 6

William James

Answer 6

• Under the influence of Charles Darwin
• Functionalism: how do mental and behavioral processes function together to facilitate an organism adapt, survive, and flourish

Question 7

Behavorism (2 main criterium)

Answer 7

1. objective
2. study behavior without reference to mental processes

If you can’t observe it physically, you shouldn’t be studying it

Question 8

Freudian

Answer 8

Focused on our unconscious minds and childhood experience

-limits how we develop as humans

Question 9

Humanistic

Answer 9

• believed behaviorism and Freudian psychology to be limiting
• focused on our need for love and acceptance which either nurture or inhibits our personal growth

Question 10

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 10

(Venn diagram showing relationships between biological, psychological and social-cultural aspects)

-incorporates various levels and offers a more complete picture of behaviors or mental processes

(kind of combines behaviorism, Freudian, and humanistic approaches)

Question 11

current psychology perspectives

Answer 11

• neurosciences - how the mind and body work together to live through experiences
• evolutionary - how natural selections of traits have been passed over time
• behavior genetics - how do our genes vary as humans
• psychodynamic - how do our past experiences make us into the person we are today
• behavioral - how we learn of observable responses and that influences our future behaviors
• cognitive - how we take in information, store it, and then use it in the future
• social-cultural - how are behaviors and thinking varying from situation to situation based on our cultural and social surroundings

Question 12

types of psychologists

Answer 12

• cognitive
• social
• counseling
• clinical
• psychiatrists
• community
• industrial/organizational
• developmental
• biological
• neuroscientist