chapter 16 - therapies

Question 1

psychotherapies

Answer 1

• using psychological techniques
• trained therapists and someone seeking help for overcoming psychological difficulties or achieving personal growth
• some therapists combine different types of therapies instead of sticking to just one

Question 2

biomedical therapies

Answer 2

prescribes medications or therapies that act directly on someone’s physiology

Question 3

psychoanalysis

Answer 3

-Freudian

goal:
-achieve healthier, less anxious living by releasing energy devoted to our inner conflicts between ids-ego-superego

techniques:

• free association: relax and say whatever comes to mind first
• resistance
• interpretation
• transferring

Question 4

psychodynamic

Answer 4

-Rogers

Goal:
-help patient understand their current symptoms related to relationships and childhood experiences

techniques:

• projective tests
• therapy sessions to investigate and explore these feelings and relationships

work best for anxiety and depression

Question 5

humanistic therapies

Answer 5

client-centered therapies and highlighted active listening

aim to:

• boost self-fulfillment by reaching self-awareness and self-acceptance
• promote growth not curing illness
• take responsibility for one’s feelings and actions
• conscious thoughts > unconscious thoughts
• present and future are more important than the past

Question 6

behavior therapies

Answer 6

classical conditioning

 - exposure therapies
    * desensitization
    * virtual reality exposure therapy
 - aversive conditioning

operant conditioning
-token economies

work best for specific behavior problems
-phobias, compulsions, marital problems, sexual dysfunction

Question 7

cognitive-behavioral therapies

Answer 7

• a combined approach that aims to change thinking (cognitive therapy) and behavior (behavior therapy)
• work best for anxiety, depression, and bipolar: they share a common problem is emotion regulation

Question 8

biomedical therapies

Answer 8

psychopharmacology

 - the study of drug effects on mind, body, and behavior
 - mechanism of action - how the drug works in the brain and body

see the types of drugs table

brain stimulation:

 - electroconvulsive therapy
    * electrodes in the brain and a brief electrical current sent through the brain of a patient under anesthesia

 - transcranial electrical stimulation
    * administered to the scalp

 - magnetic stimulation 
    * repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
    * pulses surging through a magnetic coil held close to the skull that can stimulate or suppress the activity

 -deep brain stimulation

 - psychosurgeries
    * used for extreme cases * removed and destroys brain tissue

Question 9

Free association

Answer 9

Therapist asks a person in therapy to freely share thoughts, words, and anything else that comes to mind. The thoughts need not be coherent. But it may help if they are authentic.

Question 10

counterconditioning

Answer 10

type of therapy based on the principles of classical conditioning that attempts to replace bad or unpleasant emotional responses to a stimulus with more pleasant, adaptive responses.